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Leaching with Acids
Published in C. K. Gupta, T. K. Mukherjee, Hydrometallurgy in Extraction Processes, 2019
Pollucite ores having the formula 2 Cs2O·2 Al2O3·9 SiO2·H20 and containing 8.2 to 25.5% Cs can be subjected to H2SO4 leaching for the recovery of pure cesium salt according to a process developed by the U.S. Bureau of Mines.42 According to the reported work, the ore was leached with 17.2 N H2SO4 at 120°C for 2 h and hot filtered to remove silica. On cooling to 0°C, Cs2SO3·A12(SO4)3·24 H20 crystals containing 32.55% Cs were rejected from the solution and could be further treated to prepare pure sulfate or chloride salts of cesium metal. The Canadian Mines Branch in Ottawa43 also piloted a process based on the H2SO4 decomposition of pollucite. The ore ground to 50% 75-μm size was leached for 4 to 6 h in 6.8-kg batches in glass-lined vessels with 35 to 40% H2SO4 at 110°C. The ore residue was removed by filtration of the hot leach slurry, and the cesium alum was crystallized from the filtrate by cooling at 50°C and then to 20°C. The alum was roasted with carbon to decompose the alum to CsSO4 which could be leached out for further recovery by evaporation and dehydration at 260°C.
Ore potential of acidic rocks of the Achean Kolmozero-Voronya zone, NE Baltic Shield
Published in Adam Piestrzyński, Mineral Deposits at the Beginning of the 21st Century, 2001
Pollucite is the main Cs mineral. Cs admixture was found in beryl, muscovite, íepidolite, microcline. There were found many Ta-Nb minerals, and the tantalite, manganotantalite, columbite, stibiotantalite, simpsonite, tapiolite, microcline are the main phases. Be forms two minerals – beryl and bavenite. The first one is common enough in all types of pegmatite, bavenite is very rare.
Assessing the Lithium Potential of the Paleoproterozoic Rocks of the West African Craton; the Case so Far
Published in Geosystem Engineering, 2023
According to Wu et al. (2022), the mineral distribution in the pegmatites of the WAC is inconsistent and variable. In the pegmatite’s outer regions, minerals such as quartz, feldspar, mica, and occasionally tourmaline are found, whereas uncommon metals are generally absent. In the centre of the pegmatites, however, early lithium minerals such as petalite and spodumene are formed. Occasionally, caesium minerals such as pollucite are also observed. Following hydrothermal alteration, extensive albitisation and greisenisation occur. Tin and tantalum minerals may be associated during late-stage mineralization, while the primary lithium minerals undergo transmutation and break down into multiple lithium-containing minerals, including micas, zeolites, and phosphates. The system’s lithium budgets can also be affected by low-temperature alteration and degradation processes (Wu et al., 2022).
Agile management and long-term strategy in exploration: the ‘lucky’ discovery of the Sinclair Pollucite Deposit, Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2021
G. E. Batt, D. Crook, N. Brand, S. Kerr
Pollucite [(Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12).2H2O] is a rare zeolite mineral only known to form in extremely differentiated LCT-pegmatite systems. Global supply of pollucite is highly restricted, and world resource estimations are unavailable (U. S. Geological Survey, 2018). Although not openly traded, the mineral is generally ascribed a high value owing to its high caesium content (∼29.66 wt% Cs2O).