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Rearranging the spaces of extraction
Published in Juha Kotilainen, Resource Extraction, Space and Resilience, 2020
First, the most general goal is that each member state should develop their own minerals policy. In order to proceed towards the goal of increasing mining in Europe, the European Commission is urging the member states to take several tangible steps towards an intensified minerals policy (European Commission, 2013; European Commission, 2014b). The aim has been, by unifying policies and practices across the member states rather than creating a patchwork of different member-state-specific mineral policies, to lead to a complete minerals policy at the scale of the European Union. There are member states that have already been developing their mineral policies, and the European Commission has been seeking to create a comprehensive picture of these developments (European Commission, 2010).
Computational Analysis of Archaeological Ceramic Vessels and Their Fragments
Published in Filippo Stanco, Sebastiano Battiato, Giovanni Gallo, Digital Imaging for Cultural Heritage Preservation, 2017
Filippo Stanco, Sebastiano Battiato, Giovanni Gallo
[53] proposes a method to automatically locate these outliers by approximating smooth symmetric portions of the sherd surface with one or more quadratic surface patches. For each surface patch, a quadratic implicit polynomial is fit to the sherd surface data and the unknown axis location and orientation is directly computed from the polynomial coefficients. In contrast to past approaches which are either local (Section 12.3.2) or global (Section 12.3.3), this approach identifies a collection of surface patches, i.e., clusters of surface points that appear to lie on a single quadratic patch. As one can see from Figure 12.9(b), these patches typically form a patchwork over the sherd surface. This method is a compromise between local and global approaches and, to some extent, can benefit from the positive aspects of each approach. The large number of surface points in each patch make sherd surface estimates from these patches robust to local variations such as measurement noise, which is a weakness of local approaches (Section 12.3.2). Each surface patch is restricted to be quadratic, i.e, to individually have simple shape; the patchwork offered by the collection of patches can then represent very complex shapes which is a weakness of global approaches (Section 12.3.3) that tend to smooth out fine details and can be insensitive to important local shape variations. A by-product of this approach is also the ability to identify clusters of points that are not suitable for surface estimation, i.e., outliers that occur when asymmetries exist on the sherd surface (see Figure 12.9(a,b)).
Dispersed pollen and calyx remains of Diospyros (Ebenaceae) from the middle Miocene “Plant beds” of Søby, Denmark
Published in GFF, 2021
Thomas Denk, Johannes M. Bouchal
— Pollen, monad, prolate, outline elliptic to weakly spindle-shaped in equatorial view, trilobate in polar view; pollen size category medium, polar axis 50–56 µm long in LM, 44–48 µm long in SEM, equatorial diameter 30–35 µm wide in LM, 24–33 µm wide in SEM; tricolporate, colpi length 7/8 of polar axis, colpi sunken and curved, costae present, endopori elliptic lalongate; exine 1.0–1.4 µm thick, nexine thinner than sexine (LM); tectate; sculpture psilate in LM, microrugulate, nanorugulate, perforate, fossulate in SEM, groups of parallel microrugulae/nanorugulae form a patchwork or braided pattern (Fig. 2C,F; SEM).