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4 Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications
Published in R D Tomlinson, A E Hill, R D Pilkington, Ternary and Multinary Compounds, 2020
Theresa Magorian Friedlmeier, Herbert Dittrich, Hans-Werner Schock
The kesterite-type Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 compounds (CZTS and CZTSe) are interesting for absorber layers in thin-film solar cells [1–4], They are structurally similar to the highly efficient chalcopyrite-type compounds, the elemental components are abundant on the earth’s crust, and they have some appropriate semiconducting properties such as p-type conductivity and a band gap of about 1.5 eV (CZTS). As a note of interest: kesterite is the name of the mineral Cu2ZnSnS4, belongs to the space group I4, and thus has a slightly different ordering of the metals than the mineral stannite (Cu2FeSnS4) which belongs to the space group I42m [5]. The difference between these structures is barely discernible with X-ray diffractometry (XRD) in that the peak intensity ratio I(211):I(202) is slightly larger for kesterite.than for stannite. In this study, the kesterite structure could be distinguished by careful analysis of one non-oriented CZTS sample. We already realized a CZTS solar cell with 2 % conversion efficiency and 470 mV open-circuit voltage [1].
Introduction
Published in Kwang Leong Choy, Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD), 2019
These materials are summarized below: Binary oxides: TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, SiO2 [1,145,186,187]Doped oxides: In2O3-SnO2, Y2O3-ZrO2, Eu-Y2O3 [188,189,190,191].Multicomponent oxides: PbTiO3, BaZrO3, La(Sr)MnO3, CaO-P2O5-SiO2 [1,192,193,194].Sulphides and selenides: CdS, ZnS, CdSe [1,195,196].Chalcogenides and kesterite: CIS, CIGS, CZTS [1,185].
Introduction
Published in Kwang Leong Choy, Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD), 2019
These materials are summarized below: Binary oxides: TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, SiO2 [1,145,186,187]Doped oxides: In2O3-SnO2, Y2O3-ZrO2, Eu-Y2O3 [188,189,190,191].Multicomponent oxides: PbTiO3, BaZrO3, La(Sr)MnO3, CaO-P2O5-SiO2 [1,192,193,194].Sulphides and selenides: CdS, ZnS, CdSe [1,195,196].Chalcogenides and kesterite: CIS, CIGS, CZTS [1,185].
Optimization of sulphurization temperature for the production of single-phase CZTS kesterite layers synthesized by electrodeposition
Published in Surface Engineering, 2020
R. Boudaira, O. Meglali, A. Bouraiou, N. Attaf, C. Sedrati, M.S. Aida
Regarding its crystalline structure, CZTS can crystallize in kesterite, stannite or primitive mixed Cu–Au crystal structures [10]. The main difference between the kesterite and the stanite structures is the arrangement of Cu and Zn cations in the crystalline lattice, and the kesterite structure is the most stable [11] and the most suitable for solar cells applications.