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Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of cylindrical dielectric elastomer actuator
Published in Domenico Lombardo, Ke Wang, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
Dielectric elastomer is a typical class of electro-active polymer [1,2] made from a soft membrane sandwiched between two compliant electrodes, and have garnered remarkable attention because of their large deformation, high energy density [3], fast response, low weight, variable stiffness, and low cost [4–6]. When subjected to voltage, the elastomer contracts along the electric field direction and expands in transverse directions [7–11]. Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) can be made in many shapes and use a variety of actuation modes, such as axial elongation, radial bend, and in-plane or out-of-plane expansion. These properties of DEAs impart them with many applications such as artificial muscles, pumps, generators for harvesting energy, tactile sensors for Braille displays, and membrane resonators.
Electroelasticity of dielectric elastomers based on molecular chain statistics
Published in Alexander Lion, Michael Johlitz, Constitutive Models for Rubber X, 2017
M. Itskov, V.N. Khiêm, S. Waluyo
Dielectric elastomers are often applied in elastomeric actuators which can produce considerable displacements under an external electric field (see, e.g., (BarCohen 2004)). To this end, usually a film of such a dielectric elastomer is coated on both sides with a compliant electrode material. Subject to a voltage these electrodes generate an electric field in the thickness direction of the film. The electric field, in turn, causes deformation of the elastomer without any mechanical load. This electrostriction results non only from the charges of the electrodes but also from the own polarization of the elastomer in the external electric field.
Elastomeric and Plastomeric Materials
Published in Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan, Functionalized Polymers, 2021
Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi, Payam Zarrintaj, Saeed Manouchehri, Joshua D. Ramsey, Mohammad Reza Ganjali, Mohammad Reza Saeb
Soft robotics rely on soft actuators to make artificial muscles. Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are one of the major types of soft actuators that use electroactive polymers (Youn et al. 2020). Dielectricelastomer actuators are thin elastomer films sandwiched between two compliant electrodes similar to variable capacitors. Dielectric elastomers are a class of electroactive polymers that can produce large strains when an electric field is applied to compliant electrodes. These smart elastomers possess high elastic energy density and muscle-like mechanical properties.
Nonlinear electroelastic theory for dielectric semilinear materials
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2023
Odunayo O. Fadodun, Olawanle P. Layeni, Adegbola P. Akinola
Dielectric elastomers (DEs) are smart materials that can exhibit coupled electrical and mechanical behavior. They are a subclass of electro-active polymers that produce finite deformation in response to the application of an electric field [1–12]. This unique property, known as electrostriction, makes the materials promising candidates for a wide range of practical applications [12]. For instances, the operating frequency range of passive topological phononic crystals (PCs) is generally fixed and narrow, limiting their practical applications; a one-dimensional soft dielectric PC plate system with actively tunable topological interface states has been designed to circumvent this difficulty [13]. The use of DE membrane eliminates the need for a separate actuation source in the prosthetic pump, this enables an efficient device that mimics the behavior of the natural heart. Furthermore, the deformation response of out-of-plane of an edge-clamped DE membrane has shown to be a good substitute for the passive diaphragm in a left ventricular assist device [14]. Other areas of applications of DEs include waveguides, metamaterials, tunable resonators, adaptive optics, haptic feedback, pvalves, energy harvesting, soft robotics, actuators, and sensors to mention a few [15–18].
A surrogate model for real-time dynamic simulation of dielectric elastomer actuators via long short-term memory networks
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2022
Chien Truong-Quoc, Sunyoung Im, Maenghyo Cho
Dielectric elastomers (DEs) are a new class of smart materials that can be activated by the gradient of electric potential. In recent years, they have attracted great attention because of their ability to undergo extremely large, complex deformations [1] as well as their light weight and low cost [2]. These capabilities make DEs one of the most promising smart materials for a wide range of applications, such as artificial muscles or actuators in soft robotics [3–5], energy harvesting [6], and sensors [7]. Owing to a large variety of DE applications, the simulation framework of electromechanical interaction has become an active area of research in recent years. One of the earliest works was conducted by Vu et al. [8,9], followed by Sharma and Joglekar [10], and Kadapa et al. [11] with an in-house program; the other approach implemented the constitutive models for these materials in commercial software [12]. However, computational frameworks for dynamic problems of DEs typically have high computational costs owing to high spatial and temporal resolutions and sophisticated discretization techniques. These remain far too expensive for use in various engineering tasks, such as design optimization, uncertainty quantification, and real-time decision support in robotic control.
Methods of energy generation from the human body: a literature review
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2019
Jamal Al-Nabulsi, Sameh El-Sharo, Nicole Salawy, Halah Al-Doori
Dielectric elastomers, which are classified as a class of EAPs, show promising physical and operational characteristics in terms of electromechanical response and performance, actuated strains, and low cost. With further development, these EAPs could lead to significant advancements in fields like smart skins, biomimetic robots, muscle-like actuators, and many more. Another application implements dielectric elastomers in the heel of a shoe; the heel-strike based generator is deformed during walking or running and is able to produce 0.8 J per cycle, and with further development, is expected to be able to generate 1 W per foot during normal walking [53].