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Cumulative and Transboundary Impact Assessment
Published in Karlheinz Spitz, John Trudinger, Mining and the Environment, 2019
Karlheinz Spitz, John Trudinger
Bismuth is a heavy, brittle, silver-white semi-metal with a low melting point. Most bismuth compounds are non-toxic, which has led to the use of bismuth as a replacement for lead in solders, shot and bullets. Other uses include in nuclear reactors, in alloys and fire detection devices. Commonly associated with lead and tungsten ores, the most common bismuth-bearing mineral is bismuthinite.
High-Temperature Oxidation of Bismuth- and Antimony-Based Sulfosalts
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2019
Fiseha Tesfaye, Dmitry Sukhomlinov, Daniel Lindberg, Mykola Moroz, Pekka Taskinen, Leena Hupa
Studies by several researchers (Aten 1905; Van Hook 1960; Cubicciotti 1962; Happ and Davey 1971) suggested that the only solid binary compound in the Bi-S system is Bi2S₃. Analogous to the mineral bismuthinite, Bi2S₃ is essentially stoichiometric at all temperatures below its melting point at 1048 K (Sharma and Chang 1990; Lin et al. 1996). The crystal structure of Bi2S₃ has been widely studied, and the compound has been found to have an orthorhombic unit cell with space group Pmcn (Johnson et al. 2004).
Rejection of antimony and bismuth in sulphide flotation – a literature review
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2021
Leanne Kathleen Smith, Warren John Bruckard, Graham Jeffrey Sparrow
Bismuth occurs naturally as native bismuth that is silver-white with a reddish hue in colour and has a Moh hardness of 2–2.5 and a density of 9.7–9.8 g.cm−3. The sulphide mineral, bismuthinite (Bi2S3), is the main bismuth-bearing mineral. It is lead grey to tin white in colour with a Moh hardness of 2–2.5 and a density of 6.8 g.cm−3.