China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Symbols
Published in Paul Micklethwaite, Beyond Recycling, 2021
The online quiz discussed above reveals the complexities in consumer product labelling relating to recycling. Recycled content is quite different from recyclability, but they may be found together. A plastic water bottle may be recyclable, made from recycled material, or both. We will be more inclined to donate a product for recycling if it carries a label directing us to do so. Even better if we see the materials collected for recycling embodied in new products. Scepticism over what happens to our waste once it has been collected is best addressed by showing us how it may get a new lease of life. Symbols showing recycled content are less common, however. We should also distinguish recycled content that comes from post-consumer waste, i.e. from us, from manufacturing waste that is fed back into production before it gets anywhere near a consumer. Post-consumer waste has had a more eventful journey than waste that remains in a factory. It is useful to tell us this when we look at a recycled content product.
Principle of object support by Rope deformation and its application to Rope climbing by snake robot
Published in Advanced Robotics, 2023
Ryota Watanabe, Motoyasu Tanaka
The principle of object support by rope deformation was verified using actual equipment. The link used in the model was a urethane roller with a diameter of 36 mm, which was fixed with a PLA member fabricated using a 3D printer. A cotton rope with a diameter of 3 mm and a three-stranded weave were used for flexibility. A bottle of water was attached to the lower end of the rope. The tension was calculated using the weight of both the rope and water bottle. The length of the rope used to calculate the tension was the length from the endpoint of the last link. To determine the minimum tension , the water in the bottle was drained gradually with a dropper, and the value just before the model fell was denoted as .
Low-Cost Voice-Controlled Prosthetic Arm with Five Degrees of Freedom
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2021
Jayarama Pradeep, A. Jamna, Ramakrishnann Sasikumar
The length of the total arm is approximately 500 mm, including the elbow parts along with shoulder joint motors. The arm is constructed to lift to the maximum of around 200g . The torque parameters are also thus calculated. The elbow joint motors are of torque 120 kgcm. That is, if a load is connected at a radius of 1 cm, these motors will pull up a load of around 120 kg. But when the load is distributed with the length of 10 cm it would pull around 12 kg alone. Here, it has been around 50 cm and the torque rated with the length will be around 2–2.3 kg. The weight of the arm along with forearm motors and servos and other components will be around 2 kg. The rest will be the load. The maximum load tested with this arm is a 250 ml water bottle with water filled in it. The load lifted by this arm is around 200–250 g. The forearm motors have a torque capacity of around 30 kg cm. These motors will have a lifting capacity of about 1.5 kg torque with a length of about 20 cm till the fingers. The supporting part of the arm is made up of light-weighted and flexible acrylic sheets. Another important component is the battery of around 12 V 7.5A. This is a prototype model with lead acid batteries and the efficiency of this battery is around 80%. Since it is a lead acid battery, the cost is less. With a fully charged battery, a person can use this arm continuously for around 2 hrs. And with intermittent usage, this could last up to 5–6 h.
A triz-directed approach in proposing device-oriented ideas that cultivate water-drinking habits among children
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2021
Robin Edmund Jin Hong Tan, Poh Kiat Ng, Dominic Wen How Tan, Way Soong Lim
A tight-sealed plastic membrane that requires a large amount of twisting force to open and allow the beverage to flow into the first compartment will be used. This feature helps in preventing the child from managing the water bottle by himself/herself, thus preventing them from ingesting any smaller parts or components of the water bottle. At the same time this feature also helps in preventing the child from consuming the beverage before drinking the water.