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Status of Nigeria's Biosafety Regulation
Published in Sylvia Uzochukwu, Nwadiuto (Diuto) Esiobu, Arinze Stanley Okoli, Emeka Godfrey Nwoba, Christpeace Nwagbo Ezebuiro, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Abdulrazak B. Ibrahim, Benjamin Ewa Ubi, Biosafety and Bioethics in Biotechnology, 2022
Rufus Ebegba, Scholastica Bello, Joy Onwude
Risk assessment identifies risks from plausible sets of circumstances that may result in harm to people or to the environment and estimating the level of risk on the basis of the seriousness and likelihood of harm. Risks are identified by considering a broad range of circumstances whereby the proposed dealings with a GMO are postulated to have the potential to cause harm to people or to the environment through a plausible causal pathway between the GMO and an adverse outcome. Risks are then characterized in terms of the degree of seriousness and likelihood of potential harm, which are combined to estimate the level of risk as negligible, low, moderate or high. The risk assessment initially considers a wide range of possible risks, but puts great emphasis on more substantive risks, which receive more detailed characterization. Risks that are estimated to be greater than negligible are then considered by risk management for control or mitigation (National Biosafety Risk Analysis Framework, 2018).
Design process
Published in G.J.C.M. Hoffmans, H.J. Verheij, Scour Manual, 2021
G.J.C.M. Hoffmans, H.J. Verheij
The aim of risk assessment is to establish the risks that need to be managed and to identify means to control them to acceptable levels. The risk assessment process should identify the hazards, along with the events or circumstances that may produce them, determine the risk posed by them, and identify the measures that can be put in place to control the risk by preventing the hazard or mitigating its effect if it occurs. In the context of this manual, Hazard is defined as conditions with the potential to cause scour.Risk is defined as the combination or product of frequency of occurrence and consequence of a hazard.
Corporate Risk Management in Practice
Published in Alan Waring, Corporate Risk and Governance, 2016
To answer these questions, the risk assessment procedure comprises:define the boundaries of what is to be assessed;identify and describe the opportunities, hazards or threats;analyze the effects and consequences of the identified hazards, threats and opportunities and estimate the likelihoods of their occurrence;estimate risk values;evaluate the risk values, for example, high, medium or low;decide whether the risk is acceptable or unacceptable by comparing with acceptance criteria;decide if control action is required and, if so, what and how.
A risk assessment model for traffic crashes problem using fuzzy logic: a case study of Zonguldak, Turkey
Published in Transportation Letters, 2022
Risk assessment involves the evaluation of the current risks associated with hazards, the current control measures for those risks and making decisions on them whether they are acceptable or not. A risk assessment should include these steps: (1) identification of hazards, (2) analyzing to foresee who and how might be harmed, (3) evaluation of risks and making decision on the control measures, (4) documentation of findings, and (5) reviewing and updating the assessment. There is a rich literature on risk assessment methods used to find causes and characteristics of the crashes in various areas from natural resources to medicine, as well as their corresponding measures that should be taken (Jozi et al. 2012; Ali and Maryam 2014; John et al. 2014; Akyuz 2015; Akyuz and Celik 2015; Djapan et al. 2015; Mentes et al. 2015; Dizdar and Koçar 2016; Gul and Guneri 2016; Akyuz 2017; Gul, Ak, and Guneri 2017; Kokangül, Polat, and Dağsuyu 2017; Ozdemir, Gul, and Celik 2017).
Risk Analysis of hazardous activities using Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision Making Tools: A case study in a gas turbine manufacturing plant
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021
Pavanaditya Badida, Tamilpriya Selvaprakash, Jayapriya Jayaprakash
Risk assessment involves the systematic usage of available data to calculate the probability and severity of the events. Risk assessment is essential for developing a safety-oriented work culture and risk management processes, and for establishing a proactive safety strategy (Mahdevari, Shahriar, and Esfahanipour 2014). Four main steps are involved in risk assessment: A) identification of hazards, B) calculating the risk of the identified hazards, C) reducing the risks identified and D) registering the results (Main 2012). This process poses several advantages. First, it helps detect all the occupational hazards, thereby highlighting the need for taking more effective control measures than those that exist at a given time. Risk assessment also values experiences of employees, which in turn, improves the safety culture at the workplace. The selection of risk assessment techniques appropriate to the nature of the concerned work is extremely important. Several risk assessment methods are available to estimate the occurrence probability and severity of risks (Ceylan and Bashelvaci 2011). A two-parameter (Likelihood and Severity) based scoring system, known as the DMRA method, has been utilized in this study to identify and evaluate the risks.
Design, scope and focus of safety recommendations: results from aviation safety investigations
Published in Policy and Practice in Health and Safety, 2019
Nektarios Karanikas, Alfred Roelen, Selma Piric
To date, although especially in aviation there is much guidance material for the preparation and execution of safety investigations (ICAO, 2003; 2008; 2011; 2015), and the importance of effective safety recommendations has been recognized (e.g. Colavita, 2017), detailed guidelines on the design of recommendations are lacking from investigation standards as well as from the risk management literature (Pooley, 2013). From a broad perspective, risk controls proposed after a risk assessment process have the same goal with safety recommendations, that is to eliminate or mitigate causes that might threaten safety. Notably, although various academic and professional literature presented in the next section of this paper refers to the design, scope and focus of safety recommendations, there has not been an inclusive framework which incorporates those aspects. This paper presents such a framework based on a literature review and suggests a tool which can be useful (1) as guidance for the development of recommendations, and (2) in retrospective analyses of safety recommendations with the goal to assess their design quality and reveal collectively any trends regarding their scope and focus. The particular tool was applied to an indicative sample of safety recommendations, and the results were statistically tested for differences across various variables of interest.