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Planning
Published in Mehrdad Soltanifar, ISO 45001 Implementation, 2022
This hazard type includes any chemical that can cause a physical or health hazard. Chemical hazards and toxic substances pose a wide range of health hazards (such as irritation, sensitisation, and carcinogenicity) and physical hazards (such as flammability, corrosion, and explosibility). Examples of some common hazardous substances include fuels, paints, solvents, and cleaning products. Workers can be exposed by inhaling, swallowing, or through the skin, which can cause death, cancer, or damage to internal organs. When assessing a workplace for chemical hazards, organisations should check the following: Procedures for storage, handling, or use of hazardous substances are clearly defined.Chemical containers are labelled clearly and appropriately.Gas cylinders are secured properly.Chemical inventory and material safety data sheets are available.Chemicals are disposed of properly.
Introduction
Published in Neal Langerman, Precautionary Labels for Chemical Containers, 2018
The function of a chemical label is to communicate information about chemical hazards and potential risks. Thus, it is essential to agree upon and understand the meaning of both terms. A chemical hazard is a condition or property that has the potential to do physical harm or cause illness (acute or chronic). Acute hazards have the potential to cause harm within a short time. Some common examples of acute hazards include skin corrosivity, flammability, and extreme toxicity. Chronic (or delayed) hazards are those whose potential to cause adverse affects only is expressed over a prolonged period of (often low) exposure. Chemicals that cause cancer, induce fetal abnormalities, or cause irreversible damage to organs such as the liver, kidneys, or brain are illustrations of such chronic effects.
Safety and Health Considerations
Published in Frank R. Spellman, Hydraulic Fracturing Wastewater, 2017
OSHA’s motive for modifying the Hazard Communication Standard was to improve the safety and health of workers through more effective communications on chemical hazards. Since it was first promulgated in 1983, the Hazard Communication Standard has provided employers and employees extensive information about the chemicals in their workplaces. The original standard is performance oriented, allowing chemical manufacturers and importers to convey information on labels and material data sheets in whatever format they choose. Although the available information has been helpful in improving employee safety and health, a more standardized approach to classifying the hazards and conveying the information will be more effective and provide further improvements in American workplaces. The GHS provides such a standardized approach, including detailed criteria for determining what hazardous effects a chemical poses, as well as standardized label elements assigned by hazard class and category. This will enhance both employer and worker comprehension of the hazards, which will help to ensure appropriate handling and safe use of workplace chemicals. In addition, the safety data sheet requirements establish an order of information that is standardized. The harmonized format of the safety data sheets will enable employers, workers, health professionals, and emergency responders to access the information more efficiently and effectively, thus increasing their utility.
Restricted substances for textiles
Published in Textile Progress, 2022
Arun Kumar Patra, Siva Rama Kumar Pariti
The Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals (ZDHC) goes beyond the traditional approach of addressing the problem just to finished products. It further guides chemical hazard assessment for alternative chemical assessment and prioritization. In fact, chemical hazard assessment to identify and prioritize chemical substances for possible replacement with safer alternatives is increasingly required by retailers, brands, and material suppliers in response to both consumer pressure and regulatory requirements. Chemical hazard-assessment methodologies and tools evaluate available information on multiple chemical hazard endpoints and use that information to rank the chemical substances using a scoring system of high, medium, or low hazard (sometimes also very high or very low), which allows a single value to be assigned to the chemical to help make informed decisions. Hazard endpoint data are derived from guideline (or otherwise high quality) mammalian and ecological toxicity, fate, or physicochemical property studies. There are many hazard endpoints that may be selected for use in a chemical hazard assessment; however, a subset of endpoints is common to most regulatory and authoritative bodies.
Occupational health and safety risk assessment using a fuzzy multi-criteria approach in a hospital in Chennai, India
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Pavanaditya Badida, Selvan Janakiraman, Jayapriya Jayaprakash
As per the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), every company must formulate a programme in accordance with the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) for employee training, the design and use of warning labels, and access to material safety data sheets (MSDSs). Readily available MSDSs should be provided for all hazardous chemicals. Workers should be trained on potential chemical hazards and the controls necessary to prevent the occurrence of such hazards. All hazardous chemicals, which have adverse effects on human health, should be labelled explicitly.