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Beneficial Industrial Uses of Electricity: Industrial Introduction and Process Industries
Published in Clark W. Gellings, 2 Emissions with Electricity, 2020
Process industries comprise a mixture of widely disparate manufacturing markets including the chemicals, paper, food, petroleum, textile, and tobacco industries. These manufacturing markets range from the highly dynamic organic chemicals and biotechnologies industries to the mature tobacco industry. The unifying theme is the manufacturing process involved, namely the almost continuous and prolonged processes and their reliance on the following five electrotechnologies: Electrolytic separationElectrochemical synthesisFreeze concentrationIndustrial process heat pumpsMembrane processes
Distinguishing Characteristics of Process Industry Manufacturing
Published in Peter L. King, Lean for the Process Industries, 2019
Manufacturing processes can be categorized into two broad groups: discrete parts assembly manufacturing and process industry manufacturing. Assembly manufacturing generally consists of the manufacture of individual parts and components that operators and machines then weld, bolt, or otherwise fasten together into a finished product. Examples include automobiles, aircraft, motorcycles, cell phones, computers, power tools, television sets, and hair dryers. Process industries are characterized by processes that include chemical reactions, mixing, blending, extrusion, sheet forming, slitting, baking, and annealing. Process companies sell finished products in solid form packaged as rolls, spools, sheets, or tubes; or in powder, pellet, or liquid form in containers ranging from bottles and buckets to tank cars and railcars. Examples include automotive and house paints, processed foods and beverages, paper goods, plastic packaging films, fibers, carpets, glass, and ceramics. Process industry output may be sold as consumer products (food and beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals) or as ingredients or components for other manufacturing processes.
Force-System Resultants and Equilibrium
Published in Richard C. Dorf, The Engineering Handbook, 2018
Process control addresses the application of automatic control theory to the process industries. These industries typically involve the continuous processing of fluids and slurries in chemical reactors, physical separation units, combustion processes, and heat exchangers in industries such as chemicals, petroleum, pulp and paper, food, steel, and electrical power generation. Generally, the goal of process control is to reduce the variability of key process variables that influence safety, equipment protection, product quality, and production rate. To achieve reduced variability in these key variables, we must adjust selected manipulated variables. As a result, the “total variability” is not reduced, but it is transferred from important to less important areas of the process, such as cooling water, steam systems, and fuel distribution systems.
Value adding and non-value adding activities in turnaround maintenance process: classification, validation, and benefits
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2020
Wenchi Shou, Jun Wang, Peng Wu, Xiangyu Wang
The process industries are those industries where the primary production processes are either continuous or occur on a batch of materials that is indistinguishable (Engineers 2018). Processes usually require rigid process control and high capital investment. Typical examples of process industries include chemical industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and petrochemical industry, etc. The big difference between the process industries and the common discrete manufacturing is in the continuity of operation. The continuity feature makes it so expensive to shut down a process which can create a big challenge from the logistical standpoint (Abdulmalek and Rajgopal 2007). Ashayeri, Teelen, and Selenj (1996) listed the major differences between the process industries and the discrete manufacturing industry in relation to the market, production process, the quality of the products and processes, and the planning and control function (as shown in Table 3). The comparison suggested a much more complicated maintenance functions in process industries. Furthermore, Abdulmalek and Rajgopal (2007) have analyzed the features of process industries. It was suggested that the application of lean production in process industries is possible but the features such as capacity focused, high capital intensity, high volumes and low flexibility make it impossible to borrow the lean concept and to be applied directly.
A digital twin-based multi-objective optimization method for technical schemes in process industry
Published in International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2023
Process industries are those that add value to raw materials through mixing, separating, heating, molding or chemical reactions (Napoleone et al. 2021), characterized by relatively fixed process, short production cycles, few product specifications and large batch size. Petroleum, chemical, metallurgical, building materials, food, glass, ceramics and other raw material industries are typical process industries. As a key component of manufacturing industry and an important basis for national economy development, investigations on technical scheme optimization in process industry have always been widespread both in industry and academia (Yang et al. 2021).
Mix flexibility optimisation in hybrid make-to-stock / make-to-order environments in process industries
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2018
According to APICS, process industries are defined as industries where value is added via mixing, separating, forming, and/or chemical reactions. Examples include food and beverage, tobacco, chemicals, paper and pharmaceuticals. Lager, Samuelsson, and Storm (2017) and Fransoo and Rutten (1994) provided a comprehensive treatment of the characteristics of process industries by way of describing the nature of their raw materials, the associated material quality variability and the resultant potential variations in bills of materials; product flow and yield variability; and process flow characteristics.