China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Flotation
Published in Ko Higashitani, Hisao Makino, Shuji Matsusaka, Powder Technology Handbook, 2019
Wei Sung Ng, George Vincent Franks, Elizaveta Forbes, Luke Andrew Connal, Hiroki Yotsumoto
As with most processes in mining, froth flotation faces the perpetual challenges of energy and water consumption, costs, and environmental impact. Current and future difficulties in flotation can be broadly summarized as follows:
Physical Treatment Techniques
Published in Thomas E. Carleson, Nathan A. Chipman, Chien M. Wai, Separation Techniques in Nuclear Waste Management, 2017
Froth flotation is one of the most widely used techniques in the mineral and kaolin industries and is used for separating finely divided solids.1 Flotation separation is possible when solids differ in surface wettability or surface chemistry, and is applicable to very small particles, 0.1- to 0.01-mm size range. The solids are suspended in a liquid (water) and are contacted by a chemical or a promoter that causes specified particles to become hydrophobic and floatable. The solids are also treated with reagents so that other specified particles become hydrophilic. The slurry is treated with flowing bubbles, and the hydrophobic particles (usually the contaminant) become attached to the bubbles where they collect in the froth and are skimmed off. The nonfloatable solids (usually the host material) are discharged from the cell bottom. The process can be made very selective by the appropriate selection of reagents.
Resources and Processing
Published in C. K. Gupta, Extractive Metallurgy of Molybdenum, 2017
Froth flotation requires the specific chemical compounds, or reagents, to an ore pulp that will produce a froth of desired character, modify the surfaces of mineral or minerals that are to be floated so that these minerals adhere to the froth bubbles (they are made air-avid, various other names in use are hydrophobic, aerophilic), and modify the surfaces of the unwanted minerals so that they will be nonadherent to the bubbles (they are made water-avid; various other names in use are aerophobic, hydrophilic). The variety of chemical compounds needed for froth flotation may be classified according to their function into the following: (1) collectors or promoters, (2) frothers, (3) regulators, (4) activators, and (5) depressors.
ASM-VoFDehaze: a real-time defogging method of zinc froth image
Published in Connection Science, 2022
Wenhui Xiao, Zhaohui Tang, Ce Yang, Wei Liang, Meng-Yen Hsieh
Froth flotation is a beneficiation method to separate minerals according to the physical and chemical properties of the mineral surface. The main process of froth flotation is that bubbles rise in the pulp with selective but adhered mineral particles at the gas–liquid interface, and then the froth formed on the pulp surface is scraped to achieve the purpose of beneficiation. The surface visual characteristics of these froths (such as froth size, colour, texture, and flow rate) are closely related to process indicators, working conditions, and operating variables. These characteristics can be used as an important basis for judging the effect of mineral separation operations. The accurate extraction of froth image features is the premise of the machine vision flotation production process (Aldrich et al., 2010). However, the complex flotation industry has a harsh environment with a large amount of dust and fog, as well as uneven illumination, resulting in serious pollution in images collected by surveillance video (Jinping et al., 2010). In particular, when the temperature in the plant is low (below 5C), The water mist produced by the mineral particles and water droplets splashed during the froth defoaming is very large. This condition causes a thick water mist that covers the entire flotation cell. The existence of these water mists seriously affects the accurate extraction of bubble characteristics. Therefore, dehazing preprocessing on the froth image is an important task in obtaining froth parameters.
Comparative study of conventional cell and cyclonic microbubble flotation column for upgrading a difficult-to-float Chinese coking coal using statistical evaluation
Published in International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2020
Xiangning Bu, Tuantuan Zhang, Yuran Chen, Guangyuan Xie, Yaoli Peng
Froth flotation is widely used in the preparation of coal fines below 0.5 mm in size (Akdemir and Sönmez 2003; Dey 2012). Mechanical agitated flotation machines are widely applied to reduce the ash content to a qualified level for coking coal fines. Flotation columns which are similar to countercurrent reactors were introduced to further enhance the flotation performance (Ayhan, Halime Abakay, and Saydut 2005; Gui et al. 2014; Xia and Yang 2013). The advancement of flotation columns is the apparent improvement in froth flotation technology in the last decades. Column flotation was developed as an alternative to the conventional flotation, which includes froth zone and collection zone (pulp zone) (Finch and Dobby 1990; Peng et al. 2016). Column flotation has been extensively researched and several flotation columns have been developed such as the Microcel column, the hydrochem column, the packed column, the Flotaire column, the Leeds column, the Jameson column, and cyclonic microbubble flotation column (Bu et al. 2016; Demirbaş 2002; Li et al. 2003; Vapur, Bayat, and Uçurum 2010).These column cells can obtain a high product recovery in a single separation step, which is obtained by multistage flotation in conventional flotation cells. In addition, construction investment and the operation cost of the flotation column cells are significantly lower than that of conventional flotation cells (Finch and Dobby 1990; Vonholt and Franzidis 1994; Yianatos, Bergh, and Cortés 1998).
Evaluation of the statistical reliability of micro-flotation experiments using a hallimond flotation cell
Published in Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 2022
Javier E. Vilasó-Cadre, Mary C. Nolasco-Cuenca, Delia M. Ávila-Márquez, María A. Arada-Pérez, Emmanuel J. Gutiérrez-Castañeda, Iván A. Reyes-Domínguez, Alien Blanco-Flores
Froth flotation is a separation and concentration method used mainly in mineral processing as well as in water, soil, and sediment treatment. It is based on the attachment of hydrophobic particles onto bubbles generated inside the flotation machine; the bubbles with the attached particles move to the surface to form a froth, which is finally separated [1–5]. Collectors are generally used to create the hydrophobic state at the particles because of their selective adsorption on the surface so that the flotation of the particles of interest with respect to unwanted materials is improved [6].