China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Compressed Air Systems
Published in Stephen A. Roosa, Steve Doty, Wayne C. Turner, Energy Management Handbook, 2020
Blow molding involves injecting compressed air into hollow heated plastic to stretch the plastic to its desired form. Plastic beverage bottles are an example of a blow-molded product. The compressed-air pressure requirements in blow molding can exceed 600 psig, which is much higher than in most other manufacturing processes. Thus, compressed air in this instance is necessary and cannot be substituted. For energy-saving purposes, systems have been developed that can recover high-pressure air after it has been used in blow molding, so that it can be re-used in nearby lower-pressure applications.
Conventional Processing of Polymer Matrix Composites
Published in Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai, Suchart Siengchin, Lothar Kroll, Lightweight Polymer Composite Structures, 2020
M.K. Singh, N. Verma, S. Zafar
Blow molding is used to mold hollow parts of a symmetric shape. The size of the product produced through the blow mold is small as compared to the product produced through rotational molding. Blow molding is basically used to mold plastic materials. The principal behind blow molding is the pressurized air is blown through the gap between the fixed mold and movable mold. Blow molding is a two-step process; in the first step the desired shape of plastic is molded and in the second step pressurized air is blown into the molded plastic and the final product is obtained as shown in Figure 2.3. Sometimes, there is the problem of sticking of the component into the mold. For that purpose, ejector is used for proper removal of the component. The process parameters required for blow molding are type of parison to be made, melting temperature of the plastic materials, blow ratio, air pressure, and cooling time. The processing cycle time of blow molding is 60–140 s. The typical materials used in blow molding are low-density polyethylene (LDPE), HDPE, PP, PET, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), co-polyester, nylon, polycarbonate, polystyrene, ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), etc.
Post-Consumer Plastics Recycling
Published in Robert E. Landreth, Paul A. Rebers, Municipal Solid Wastes, 2020
Blow molding is the second general type of plastic forming process. There are several variations of this process including extrusion blow molding, injection blow molding, and stretch blow molding. Inextrusion blow molding, the melted resin is extruded as a tube into the air. A blow pipe (or blow pin) is then inserted into the tube which itself is inserted into a mold cavity. Air pressure applied to the blow pipe expands the melted tube against the mold cavity and also cools the melt. The mold is then opened and the formed bottle is ejected and trimmed of excess plastic. Extrusion blow molding is generally used to produce plastic bottles with a capacity of more than 0.25 liters. Coextrusion makes it possible to operate multiple extruders simultaneously on a common die for processes that required layering or addition of colorants, where permeation across the bottle wall must be prevented.
Controlling the extrudate swell in melt extrusion additive manufacturing of 3D scaffolds: a designed experiment
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2018
Azizeh-Mitra Yousefi, Byran Smucker, Alex Naber, Cara Wyrick, Charles Shaw, Katelyn Bennett, Sarah Szekely, Carlie Focke, Katherine A. Wood
Extrudate swell in annular dies used in many polymer processing operations (e.g. extrusion blow molding) have been reported in several studies. Yousefi et al. [26,27] used the flow kinematics estimated by the Carreau model [28] as input to the K-BKZ viscoelastic model [29,30] and predicted the stresses developed in annular dies using a hybrid fluid-mechanics/solid-mechanics approach and a dimensionless swell model. This model [27] has found application in the plastics industry [31]. In a recent study, Yousefi and Mueller [32] simulated the combined effect of swell and sag (due to gravity) in annular dies using a dimensionless swell model and ABAQUS® software. The team correlated the diameter swell with a dimensionless function regrouping the viscoelastic properties of the polymer, die geometry and Deborah number (DE), the latter being a dimensionless number related to flow time in the die and polymer relaxation time [26,27,32].
The effect of different clay types on the barrier properties of PLA/PBAT/clay bio-nanocomposite packaging films
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2023
Ceren Alpaslan Güler, Sennur Deniz
PLA is like PP in general plastics, which can be used in injection molding, extrusion, blow molding and blistering. Due to its rigid nature, PLA cannot be used without blending in the flexible packaging industry. PBAT is more like LDPE, which is suitable for bag packaging. Combining PLA and PBAT as a composite structure, its mechanical properties behave similarly to those of polyethylene, which is widely used in the flexible packaging industry. There is also a lot of research in the literature on the PLA/PBAT combination for the flexible packaging industry. Therefore, the biodegradable polymers Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and Polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), which are environmentally friendly packaging films, were selected in this study.
Benchmarking Study for Energy Footprint of Water Bottling in Saudi Arabia
Published in Energy Engineering, 2018
Mohammad A Irfan, Khaled K Esmaeil, Abdulmajid A Murada, Fahad A Almufadia
The 200 ml production line was composed of eight machines for blow molding, bottle filling, carton packaging, labeling, conveying by belt, palletizing, conveying by air, and wrapping. The line generally produces 14,327,280 bottles per month, with 6 operating days per week and 20 operating hours per day. The line is shut down in the afternoon, when peak time charges are applied for power. Tables 1 through 6 provide power consumption data for different and cumulative components of the production line.