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Developing an Energy Information System: A New Look
Published in Barney L. Capehart, Timothy Middelkoop, Paul J. Allen, David C. Green, Handbook of Web Based Energy Information and Control Systems, 2020
Consistency takes advantage of the user’s spatial memory, the ability to recall where objects are related to other objects. This is how people are able to navigate through their homes in the dark without bumping into things. They remember how many steps it is to the doorway, which way to turn to the kitchen, etc. In the same way, computer users remember mouse clicks and the position of the mouse when clicked relative to other items on the screen. As long as the pages are designed with consistent alignment and links the user becomes more and more comfortable in navigating the site. This produces the “good feeling” in them that they are succeeding in their task. [2] A similar “good feeling” results from clicking on a link or button and getting an instant response.
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Published in Michael Hehenberger, Zhi Xia, Huanming Yang, Our Animal Connection, 2020
Michael Hehenberger, Zhi Xia, Huanming Yang
Because their high metabolism makes them vulnerable to starvation, hummingbirds are highly focused on their food sources. Some species are territorial and will try to guard food sources (such as a feeder) against other hummingbirds, attempting to ensure a future food supply for itself. Compared to other birds, their hippocampus area is two to five times larger.266 As we have seen before, the hippocampus is a brain region that (across all species) is associated with long-term and spatial memory. Hummingbirds use it to map flowers previously visited during nectar foraging. Although the brains of hummingbirds are as small as only a grain of rice, their memory ability is outstanding: hummingbirds can remember not only the kind of food they’ve just eaten, but also when they did eat it. These amazing facts seem to make hummingbirds the only wild animal that can remember where and when to have eaten. Previously, scientists believed that only humans could have similar judgment.
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Published in Michael Hehenberger, Zhi Xia, Our Animal Connection, 2019
Because their high metabolism makes them vulnerable to starvation, hummingbirds are highly focused on their food sources. Some species are territorial and will try to guard food sources (such as a feeder) against other hummingbirds, attempting to ensure a future food supply for itself. Compared to other birds, their hippocampus area is two to five times larger.266 As we have seen before, the hippocampus is a brain region that (across all species) is associated with long-term and spatial memory. Hummingbirds use it to map flowers previously visited during nectar foraging. Although the brains of hummingbirds are as small as only a grain of rice, their memory ability is outstanding: hummingbirds can remember not only the kind of food they’ve just eaten, but also when they did eat it. These amazing facts seem to make hummingbirds the only wild animal that can remember where and when to have eaten. Previously, scientists believed that only humans could have similar judgment.
Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) neurotoxicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal evidence
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2018
David C. Dorman, Weihsueh Chiu, Barbara F. Hales, Russ Hauser, Kamin J. Johnson, Ellen Mantus, Susan Martel, Karen A. Robinson, Andrew A. Rooney, Ruthann Rudel, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Susan L. Schantz, Katrina M. Waters
The most commonly used test of learning and memory in association with exposure to PBDEs was the Morris water maze. Several behaviors were assessed using the Morris water maze, including spatial memory or reversal learning. Outcome measures included escape latency across trials, path length, swim speed, and animal orientation in relation to the platform location. For the purposes of this review, acquisition and reversal learning with the Morris water maze were considered tests of learning whereas performance in probe trials was considered an assessment of memory. Because of its widespread use in the reviewed studies, a series of meta-analyses of latency data was performed from the Morris water maze.
A virtual reality photography application to assess spatial memory
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2023
M.-Carmen Juan, Miguel Estevan, Magdalena Mendez-Lopez, Camino Fidalgo, Javier Lluch, Roberto Vivo
VR photography has not been exploited for assessing short-term spatial memory. Short-term spatial memory is the ability of humans to remember spatial stimuli for short periods of time (Baddeley 1992). Spatial memory is used to memorise relevant information, for example, the route to find a place previously visited or where belongings were left (Burgess et al. 2001). Tools related to spatial memory can be used for assessment and training because spatial memory is strongly linked to personal autonomy (Cushman, Stein, and Duffy 2008). For assessment, these tools can help to identify difficulties that hinder people’s independence (Neguţ et al. 2016).
Which way is the bookstore? A closer look at the judgments of relative directions task
Published in Spatial Cognition & Computation, 2019
Derek J. Huffman, Arne D. Ekstrom
Our results also suggest that participants are consciously aware of the precision of their spatial representations. These findings have potential application to real-world learning, including the enhancement of spatial knowledge. For example, it could be interesting to provide participants with increased exposure to the environment if they exhibit a low level of confidence overall. Taken further, it might be possible to provide participants with increased exposure to those landmarks for which they are least confident, or to provide them with feedback to help them improve their knowledge of the locations of such landmarks. Another interesting question, however, is whether such participants will have generally worse memory, regardless of overall exposure to the environment. In fact, some previous studies have suggested that participants with poor navigational ability, as assessed via questionnaire, tend not to improve on pointing tasks even after extensive exposure to the environment (Ishikawa & Montello, 2006; Kozlowski & Bryant, 1977). Moreover, in the present experiments, a notable proportion of participants failed to perform better than chance on the JRD task over the course of the experiment (Experiment 1: 8 of 24 participants; Experiment 2: 4 of 30 participants). These findings suggest that the JRD task is difficult, and future studies could address whether poorer performing participants could improve if they are provided with feedback. In fact, the findings from such manipulations may clarify how to improve spatial memory more generally, including in patients with memory-related disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (Viček & Laczó, 2014). In any case, the finding of individual differences in both performance and confidence will be important for studies investigating the neural involvement of different brain regions.