China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Practice of source treatment
Published in Xiaoling Lei, Bo Lu, Integrated Water Environment Treatment, 2021
At present, Chongqing water environment problems mainly involve point source pollution and non-point source pollution problems. The point source pollution means that pollutants are discharged into water from centralized places, mainly including domestic pollution and industrial pollution. As for Chongqing main urban area, the point source pollution mainly has the following characteristics: There are relatively less industrial enterprises in Chongqing main urban area and the management on sewage discharge of industrial enterprises is relatively stricter that the industrial wastewater can only be discharged into the urban sewage pipe network after being treated and meeting relevant discharge standards. Therefore, the point source pollution in Chongqing main urban area is mainly domestic pollution.The sewage network coverage rate has not reached 100% yet, so the sewage in some areas is still discharged in a unorganized way or discharged into storm sewer.Some old sewage pipes exist the problem of serious leakage.The treatment capacity of existing sewage treatment plants is limited.
Water and Wastewater
Published in Gary S. Moore, Kathleen A. Bell, Living with the Earth, 2018
Gary S. Moore, Kathleen A. Bell
Although groundwater may appear protected, it is not immune from contamination. As far back as the late 1960s, synthetic organic chemicals (SOCs) were found in groundwater sources. Additional instances of groundwater contamination occurred in the 1970s and 1980s. Despite its seemingly inaccessible location underground, groundwater is vulnerable to several means of pollution. Rainfall may transport surface pollutants deep into the soil, down to the water table. Polluted surface water may infiltrate a groundwater source. Improperly disposed hazardous waste can seep into groundwater. A staggering number of potential pollution sources exist in the United States including (1) over 23 million septic systems, (2) between 5 and 6 million underground storage tanks, (3) millions of megagrams of pesticides and fertilizers, (4) municipal landfills, and (5) abandoned hazardous waste sites. Agricultural runoff, accidental spills, stormwater, and wastewater are all potential sources of groundwater contamination. Sources of groundwater pollution may be divided into planned activities and unplanned, involving surface and subsurface pollution from point and non-point sources (Table 9.3). A point source refers to pollutants entering the environment from a specific point such as a pipe or a specific source such as a factory or treatment plant. Non-point source refers to pollutants entering the environment from a broad area and may include scattered sources. The types of pollutants found in groundwater include nitrates, inorganic ions, SOCs, and pathogens. Many of these contaminants pose significant health risks.43–45
Impact of Business and Industry on the Environment
Published in Titus De Silva, Integrating Business Management Processes, 2020
Pollution has been classified in many ways. A common approach is to classify them on the basis of origin: point and non-point source pollution. Point source pollution occurs when pollutants originate from a single source and is pollution that can contaminate air, water and soil. Toxic chemicals released into the air and/or water as a result of industrial activity and waste oil from a garage are examples of point source pollution. Non-point source pollution occurs when contaminants are introduced into the environment over a wide spread-out area (Mirsal, 2008).
Integrated GIS and multivariate statistical approach for spatial and temporal variability analysis for lake water quality index
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2023
Poornasuthra Subramaniam, Ali Najah Ahmed, Chow Ming Fai, Marlinda Abdul Malek, Pavitra Kumar, Yuk Feng Huang, Mohsen Sherif, Ahmed Elshafie
Point source pollution is referred to as pollution from a known point of discharge or fixed outlet and can be released into water bodies in pipes or man-made drainage (Gyawali et al., 2013). Some examples of point source pollution are pipe discharges, industrial outflows, tributaries, industrial or municipal wastewater treatment plant outflows. Since possible contaminants from a point source can be easily monitored by measuring discharge and pollutant levels from an identified discharge point, its impact is easy to define and regulate. The focus over the previous years of research work was to address point source pollution through managing the known point of discharges, such as urban wastewater effluent, as described by 2010) and Perona et al. (1999) which was found to have been successfully under pollution control and management.
Ecological security evaluation for Changtan Reservoir in Taizhou City, East China, based on the DPSIR model
Published in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2023
Lingxi Li, Peiyue Li, Song He, Rui Duan, Fei Xu
The pollutant emissions from point pollution sources and nonpoint pollution sources in the watershed are shown in Figure 4. Point source pollution mainly includes urban industrial emissions and emissions from large-scale farms, as well as centralized treatment and discharge of urban and rural domestic sewage. Nonpoint source pollution includes livestock and poultry free-range discharge, agricultural runoff pollution discharge, direct emissions from rural life, urban runoff discharge, and dry and wet deposition of reservoirs. COD, TN, and TP mainly come from urban and rural domestic sewage discharges and agricultural production loss (Figure 4).