China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Underserved Populations
Published in Rupa S. Valdez, Richard J. Holden, The Patient Factor, 2021
Natalie C. Benda, Ruth M. Masterson Creber
To understand person-related differences in perceptions and performance, we collected data related to demographics, cognitive status, and abilities at each stage of research. In our usability and feasibility studies, we collected demographic information as well as other SDOH-related data, such as socioeconomic status and insurance status. In each study, we also assessed the participants’ health literacy. Health literacy dictates patient’s and caregivers’ ability to: find information and services; communicate their needs and preferences and respond to information and services; process the meaning and usefulness of the information and services; understand the choices, consequences, and context of the information and services; and decide which information and services match their needs and preferences so they can act (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019). Our iterative, multistudy approach allowed us to adapt later studies to incorporate findings from previous studies. For example, in our early usability study, we also found that patients had difficulty interpreting graphs, therefore in the later usability study where we compared visualizations, we added further assessments related to cognitive function and graph literacy. Our team in earlier studies also noticed that while participants with severe cognitive impairments had already been excluded (e.g. dementia) some participants did have trouble with things such as motivation and memory. Therefore, we included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to be able to quantify cognitive impairment and evaluate whether that was driving differences in comprehension of symptom visualizations (Nasreddine et al., 2005; Reading Turchioe, Grossman, Myers, et al., 2020; Smith et al., 2007).
Multi-scale graph modeling and analysis of locomotion dynamics towards sensor-based dementia assessment
Published in IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 2019
In the clinical practice, physicians need to go through the subjects’ medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and brain imaging for the diagnosis of dementia. This process is time-consuming. Also, such expensive tests and sophisticated equipment are not always readily available to track the variations of dementia conditions in a finer time scale (e.g., daily). Thus, paper-based survey methods such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (Ismail et al., 2010) and the recently developed Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) (Hollis et al., 2015) are designed and developed for the assessment of dementia conditions. Nonetheless, both MMSE and MoCA methods also require lab visits or administration from nurses, physicians and examiners, and are limited in the ability to track temporal degradation (or daily variations) of dementia conditions.
The use of everyday information communication technologies in the lives of older adults living with and without dementia in Sweden
Published in Assistive Technology, 2021
Sarah Wallcook, Louise Nygård, Anders Kottorp, Camilla Malinowsky
Since is it particularly sensitive to mild stage dementia, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to describe each participant’s cognition (Nasreddine et al., 2005). Data from two comparison participants with scores of 22 and 21, respectively, were retained in the comparison group since recent studies have suggested that the proposed MoCA cut-off score of 26 is too strict and leads to false-positive rates of cognitive impairment (Carson, Leach, & Murphy, 2018). These suggestions together with the clinical judgment of the interviewer formed the rationale for retaining these two participants.