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Role of Advanced Technologies in Gait Analysis and Its Importance in Healthcare
Published in Teena Bagga, Kamal Upreti, Nishant Kumar, Amirul Hasan Ansari, Danish Nadeem, Designing Intelligent Healthcare Systems, Products, and Services Using Disruptive Technologies and Health Informatics, 2023
Neha P. Sathe, Anil Hiwale, Archana Ranade
Dementia is a term used to describe the symptoms affecting memory and thinking capability resulting in inabilities which would disturb daily life. Considering the issues in coordination and motor functions, a few case studies describing the relation of variation in gait pattern and dementia are mentioned.
Inclusive designs in healthcare
Published in Peter Joore, Guido Stompff, Jeroen van den Eijnde, Applied Design Research, 2022
Dementia is a general term for all kinds of conditions that progressively affect cognitive functioning. As a result, people become dependent on support from others and healthcare services. Moreover, people with dementia are often discussed, but not consulted. And sometimes, people with dementia are still considered to be the disorder, rather than the individuals they are, with their own wishes and needs.7
Smart Nanosensors in Healthcare Recent Developments and Applications
Published in Suresh Kaushik, Vijay Soni, Efstathia Skotti, Nanosensors for Futuristic Smart and Intelligent Healthcare Systems, 2022
Given their small size, nanosensors have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via endocytosis or transcytosis or both and so are useful in drug delivery avenue in neurodegenerative disorder therapeutics. Drug delivery carriers such as nano-based dendrimers, gels, emulsion, liposome, suspension, or polymeric particles can be used. Site-directed BBB delivery ensures that there will be lower neurotoxicity during treatment. For example, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people. Development of nanoparticles that can enter specifically into endothelial cells in the brain capillary help in early diagnosis and then treatment of this disease. Nanoparticles conjugated with circulating beta-amyloid have shown some promising results. Nanoparticle-based barcodes, sensors, and scanning tunnel microscopy play an important role in the detection of amyloid-beta 1–42 deposits (Brambilla et al. 2011).
Using ecological theory to manage behaviour and symptoms in people living with dementia: a transdisciplinary approach to design
Published in Architectural Science Review, 2023
Dementia is a blanket term for a collection of neural disorders that cause cognitive decline typically affecting memory, reasoning and ability to undertake ordinary activities for daily life, behaviour and perception. The dementias are associated with ageing, but they sometimes occur in young people also and are not part of the natural ageing process (Alzheimer's Association® 2021). Even so, because the frailties of age are common comorbidities, the pain points of ageing must be considered along with those exclusively for dementia – minimally design should be universal, compensating for losses of hearing, sight, strength, mobility, social networks and the immune system. Better still, it should be inclusive, which means they should not only compensate for losses and deficiencies but to amplify all abilities (Charras 2021). Beyond inclusive design, there’s more still that the design professions can do to positively impact quality of life (QOL), a sense of meaningfulness, perceptions and behaviour (Harison and Fleming 2021). Because dementia is largely diagnosed according to behaviour and ability (American Psychiatric Association 2013), non-pharmacological interventions such as environmental design can potentially address the very symptomatology used to define dementia in the first instance (Zeisel et al. 2016).
Association between solid cooking fuel use and dementia in older Chinese adults: the mediating effect of depression
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2023
Mengyuan Li, Chifen Ma, Chao Wu
Dementia is any disorder where a significant decline from one’s previous level of cognition causes interference in occupational, domestic, or social functioning. (Gale et al. 2018) It is considered to be an acquired syndrome, with multiple possible causes, rather than a specific disease. Dementia can be caused by various diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, brain tumors, or frontotemporal lobar degeneration. (Gale et al. 2018) More than 55 million people are living with dementia worldwide currently and there are nearly 10 million new cases of dementia every year. (WHO 2021) It was reported that the prevalence and incidence of dementia increase exponentially from the age of 65. (Garre-Olmo 2018) Dementia has become the seventh leading cause of death in 2019. (WHO 2019) The risk factors for developing dementia include advancing age, low-level education, genetic profile, chronic diseases, unhealthy lifestyles (alcohol abuse, smoking, and lack of physical activity), obesity, depression, social isolation, and environmental pollution. (Peters et al. 2019; Fratiglioni et al. 2020)
Architectural design gives hope for dementia
Published in Architectural Science Review, 2022
The relationship between the built environment and PLWD cannot be understated. According to WHO figures, In 2010, there were 35.6 million people living with dementia, a number that is expected to increase to 70 m by 2030 and to 135 m by 2050 (World Health Organization 2018). The numbers are enormous, but as yet, there are no pharmaceutical cures for dementia, meaning the medications that PLWD are given do little more than relieve some symptoms at best. But the built environment can do the same passively, without the side effects that haunt the psychotropic alternatives (such as the prominent adverse gastrointestinal effects associated with Alzheimer’s Disease medications or the increased risk of falls and death that are associated with the benzodiazepines that are used to manage mood and behavioural disturbances (Dowden et al. 2008)). So the search for non-pharmacological management strategies including evidence about how design affects people with dementia is far more critical than many experts feel qualified to acknowledge, with such knowledge sitting as it does in the margins of the clinical sciences. But environmental design for PLWD can easily be highly problematic as it can exacerbate symptoms and cause frustration, just as it can be used to relieve symptomatology and provide a greater sense of dignity and wellbeing.