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Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Screening and Treatment of Chronic Diseases
Published in Sandeep Reddy, Artificial Intelligence, 2020
Chaitanya Mamillapalli, Daniel J. Fox, Ramanath Bhandari, Ricardo Correa, Vishnu Vardhan Garla, Rahul Kashyap
Dementia is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes severe cognitive impairment and resultant severe disabilities (Hugo and Ganguli, 2014). About 50 million people have dementia worldwide, and the WHO estimates 10 million new cases occur each year. Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) is the most common type of cognitive impairment, accounting for 70% of new cases (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia). The total medical care and long-term care cost burden incurred due to dementia in 2015 were 818 billion dollars, and costs are expected to spike to 2 trillion dollars by 2050 (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia). ML models may provide solutions to dementia-induced healthcare demands. Current studies using ML for dementia are broadly categorized as follows: Early dementia predictionDementia phenotyping.
Cognitive technologies
Published in Alex Mihailidis, Roger Smith, Rehabilitation Engineering, 2023
What happens when injury, illness, or a congenital disorder affects the brain? Cognitive impairments can occur due to all sorts of brain issues such as closed head injuries, infections, exposure to neurotoxins (i.e., substances that are toxic to the brain), genetic factors, tumors, strokes, and disease. The specific type of cognitive impairment someone develops depends on the part of the brain that is impacted. Figure 19.1 provides a brief reminder of the various components of the brain and their primary functions.
People with Disabilities
Published in Shampa Sen, Leonid Datta, Sayak Mitra, Machine Learning and IoT, 2018
Ashmita Das, Sayak Mitra, Shampa Sen
Cognitive impairments include the impairments of thinking, memory, language, and perception. Several learning disabilities such as attention deficit disorders, dyslexia, and dementia fall into this category (Castaneda et al. 2008).
Untangling the adverse effects of late-night usage of smartphone-based SNS among University students
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2021
Adeel Luqman, Ayesha Masood, Fakhar Shahzad, Muhammad Shahbaz, Yang Feng
PSQ is referred to as ‘how well we actually sleep at night’ (Buysse et al. 1989). Cognitive impairment is a ‘category of mental health issues that mainly affect learning, memory, perception, and problem solving’ (Broadbent et al. 1982). Scholars have recommended that PSQ plays a significant role in cognition. PSQ has been suggested to impinge on the function of the prefrontal cortex, which is associated to cognitive actions, such as proper functioning during the day, mood, creativity, integration, and planning (Curcio, Ferrara, and De Gennaro 2006; Mason, Zaharakis, and Benotsch 2014). Insomnia is particularly associated with failure in cognitive function, thereby inducing distractions, blunders, and poor recall of names (Dewald et al. 2010). In addition, many individuals have reported suffering from PSQ, thereby causing adverse daytime reactions, such as drowsiness, falls, and inability to function properly. PSQ also distresses the daytime learning process, which is directly related to brain ability; hence, the brain fails to store newly learned tasks, thereby resulting in cognitive impairment (Stickgold and Walker 2007). Accordingly, PSQ is proposed to be related to an increased level of CFD. Thus, we proposed: H2: Poor sleep quality is associated with cognitive function depletion.
A survey on computer vision techniques for detecting facial features towards the early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly
Published in Systems Science & Control Engineering, 2019
Zixiang Fei, Erfu Yang, David Day-Uei Li, Stephen Butler, Winifred Ijomah, Huiyu Zhou
There has been significant progress in the field of detecting and diagnosing cognitive impairment, principally through widely employed cognitive tests and neuroimaging techniques. However, such techniques have their own strengths and weaknesses. Using cognitive tests is one of the most popular methods for detecting cognitive impairment. However, some attributes like age, education and personality will influence the test results so need to be considered carefully when using these test results to detect cognitive impairment (Petersen et al., 2001). In addition, for face to face cognitive tests, professional neurophysiologists are needed to carry out cognitive tests for patients (Wild, Howieson, Webbe, Seelye, & Kaye, 2008).
Prediction of operators cognitive degradation and impairment using hybrid fuzzy modelling
Published in Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 2023
Nikolay Alekseevich Korenevskiy, Riad Taha Al-kasasbeh, Fawaz Shawawreh, Tareq Ahram, Sofya Nikolaevna Rodionova, Mahdi Salman Alshamasin, Sergey Aleexevich Filist, Manafaddin Namazov, Ashraf Adel Shaqadan, Maksim Ilyash
Cognitive impairment is not an illness; it is a description of someone’s cognitive condition. It means they have trouble with things like memory or attention (i.e. one or more of above mentioned six indicators). For example, a person with cognitive impairment might have trouble speaking or understanding, or might even have difficulty recognising people, places or things (memory loss) and might find new places or situations overwhelming. Symptoms are likely recognised by family members as confusion, agitation or moody behaviour. Cognitive impairment can be situational or non- continuous, in this case it is often called delirium. Delirium can be a sign of serious medical problems. Cognitive impairment can be mild, or severe.