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Process and Material Flow Analysis
Published in Sunderesh S. Heragu, Facilities Design, 2022
Machines and workstations in a process layout are arranged based on the operations they perform. Thus, all milling machines are placed together in one department, all turning machines are placed together in another, and so on. In Figure 7.7, a typical process layout is shown with all the lathes (indicated as L) are in the leftmost department, and all the milling, drilling, grinding, painting, and assembly machines (identified as M, D, G, P, and A, respectively) are in their respective departments. Other names for process layout include layout by process and job-shop layout. The process layout is useful for companies that manufacture a variety of products or jobs in small quantities, where each job is usually different from any other. While the process layout offers flexibility and allows personnel to become experts in a particular process or function, it has some major disadvantages—increased material handling costs, traffic congestion, long product cycle times and queues, complexity in planning and control, and decreased productivity.
Facility and Storage Space Design Issues in Remanufacturing
Published in Surendra M. Gupta, A. J. D. (Fred) Lambert, Environment Conscious Manufacturing, 2007
Aysegul Topcu, James C. Benneyan, Thomas P. Cullinane
The key attribute of a successful facilities plan is its adaptability and ability to become suitable for some new use. Good facilities ideally have the characteristics of flexibility, modularity, upgradeability, adaptability, and selective operability (Tompkins et al. 2003). Three of the most popular types of layouts are product layouts, process layouts, and hybrid layouts. The selection of layout type is based on the volumes and the types of products to be remanufactured. Product layouts (or production line product layouts) are based on the operation sequence and the capacity requirements of the units being produced. An automated soft drink bottling plant is a good example of the flow in a product layout since the routing of bottles of soda must proceed from washing to filling to capping, such that washing and filling should be placed next to each other in the layout. This type of layout makes it easy to decide where to locate stations and is therefore appropriate for high-volume, low-variety production.
Facility Layout
Published in Susmita Bandyopadhyay, Production and Operations Analysis, 2019
Before starting production or manufacturing in a concern, space and machines should be arranged properly depending on the type of production system and the type of products to be manufactured or produced. Facility layout determines the arrangement of machineries and various facilities following the variety of methods. Initially, facility layout can be classified into some basic types of layouts such as product layout, process layout, fixed position layout, and cellular layout. However, there are significant numbers of computerized programs that can assist facility layout designing.
Geometrically-driven generation of mechanical designs through deep convolutional GANs
Published in Engineering Optimization, 2022
Waad Almasri, Dimitri Bettebghor, Faouzi Adjed, Florence Danglade, Fakhreddine Ababsa
The layout is the material arrangement in a design space, which induces a modification in the geometry when changed, in other words, a relaxed geometry condition. The layout condition considered in this work is the total number of components in a 2D design (. As a matter of fact, the training dataset consists of 2D truss-like structures, each being a collection of three types of beam (Figure 5). The outer shape of a structure is delimited by the clamped and loaded bars, which makes the inner bars a target variable that an engineer can alter, simplify or complexify so as to make the design the design comply with the input constraint. Furthermore, the is an example of layout constraints that are scarcely controllable using FE-TO where the design's geometry is unknown beforehand; hence creating an analytical formula to extract and count beams is hardly feasible.
Consideration of processing time dissimilarity in batch-cyclic scheduling of flowshop cells
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2021
Najat Almasarwah, Gürsel A. Süer
Manufacturing systems are divided into four types of layouts as Product Layout, Process Layout, Cellular Layout, and Fixed Layout based on production volume and product variety. Figure 1 presents the types of manufacturing system layouts. Dissimilar machines are brought together into a production line in the product layout, and each production line meets the high-volume demand -for a product. In the process layout, similar machines are grouped into different departments. The products move from one department to another before the final product is completed. In the cellular layout, similar products are grouped into a product family based on their processing similarity where each cell has dissimilar machines required to run the product family. In a fixed layout, the product remains in a fixed position, and machines and workers move around the product (Askin and Standridge 1993; Süer, Huang, and Maddisetty 2010).
A roadmap for Assembly 4.0: self-configuration of fixed-position assembly islands under Graduation Intelligent Manufacturing System
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2020
Daqiang Guo, Ray Y. Zhong, Shiquan Ling, Yiming Rong, George Q. Huang
The arrangement of machines, storage areas, and work areas usually within the confines of a physical structure of a manufacturing facility have significant impacts on shop floor productivity (Drira, Pierreval, and Hajri-Gabouj 2007; Modrak and Soltysova 2018). Facility layout is often determined by factors such as product variety and production volumes, features (e.g. weight, size and fragility) of items to be produced, characterises of manufacture process, related cost and constraints. From the view of material flows, the layouts of production organisation can be divided into two different categories: product flow-oriented layout and product fixed-oriented layout. The so-called product layout, process layout and cellular layout belong to the product flow-oriented layout because the products generally circulate within the production facilities, and the fixed-position layout belongs to the product fixed-oriented layout as the product remains at a fixed site for its entire manufacturing period (Drira, Pierreval, and Hajri-Gabouj 2007; Hosseini-Nasab et al. 2018).