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Codelivery in Nanoparticle-based siRNA for Cancer Therapy
Published in Loutfy H. Madkour, Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment, 2022
The siG12D LODER is a miniature biodegradable polymeric matrix that encompasses siRNA target to KRASG12D mRNA (siG12D) drug, designed to release the drug locally within a pancreatic tumor, for a prolonged period of 8 weeks. The siG12D LODER is injected into the patient’s tumor with needle during an endoscopic ultrasound biopsy procedure. The majority of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas involves mutations in the KRAS oncogene with the most common being G12D; therefore, administration of KRASG12D siRNA has the potential to silence KRAS, leading to apoptosis of the cancer cells and, thereby, slowing and halting tumor growth. In an upcoming Phase II study, a single dose of 3,000 g (eight 375-g siG12D LODERs) will be administered to patients with unresectable, locally advanced pancreatic cancer, in combination with chemotherapy treatment (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01676259).
Novel Microbial Compounds as a Boon in Health Management
Published in Jyoti Ranjan Rout, Rout George Kerry, Abinash Dutta, Biotechnological Advances for Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Nanotechnology, 2022
Shubha Rani Sharma, Rajani Sharma, Debasish Kar
The pancreas is the organ situated behind the stomach. Its inflammation is quite painful and the condition is known as acute pancreatitis. It can be mild, moderate, severe to critically acute. In the case of severe and critical acute pancreatitis, there is persistence organ failure (Kylänpää et al., 2012). If this persists, it can lead to death. The main challenging issue with the disease is its diagnosis. It is quite difficult to access the organ without surgery. It has been observed that the sufferer has an increased level of amylase or lipase. But this is not always the case. In such a situation, abdominal imaging which includes computed tomography, transabdominal ultrasound, endoscopic ultrasound, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is preferred. Gallstones, idiopathic, chronic alcohol consumption, drug-induced hypertriglyceridemia, and idiopathic are the major risk factors for acute pancreatitis (Pang et al., 2018). Of this, gallstone is the main cause followed by alcohol consumption. Inappropriate trypsin activation is also one of the major causes of acute pancreatitis (Whitcomb, 2006). Its treatment also needs a specification for the risk factor. Acute pancreatitis due to gallstone needs to be operated on first. In the case of necrosis, antibiotics are to be given to avoid morbidity (Büchler et al., 2000). Another effective way of treatment is the introduction of probiotics. In most cases, it was not proved much effective (Gou et al., 2014) while some have shown a positive effect of probiotics on acute pancreatitis treatment (Hooijmans et al., 2012).
History of the Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics
Published in Marko S. Markov, James T. Ryaby, Erik I. Waldorff, Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields for Clinical Applications, 2020
In 2007, Rich Nuccitelli left ODU and moved BioElectroMed to Burlingame CA, where he ultimately licensed the ODU/EVMS intellectual property and continued to work on the effects of nsPEFs on skin and pancreatic cancer. He developed an endoscopic, ultrasound guided system called EndoPulse and continued nanosecond pulse research with SBIRs for pancreatic cancer. Rich and his collaborators continued to develop uses for nanosecond pulses and continued to publish papers that optimized nanoelectroablation, as he called the treatment, for treating melanoma (Nuccitelli et al., 2010, 2012a), basal cell carcinoma (Nuccitelli et al., 2012b), including the first clinical trial (Nuccitelli et al., 2014) and human pancreatic cancer (Nuccitelli et al., 2013). Rich’s work took nanoelectroablation closer to clinical applications.
A review of medical image detection for cancers in digestive system based on artificial intelligence
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Jiangchang Xu, Mengjie Jing, Shiming Wang, Cuiping Yang, Xiaojun Chen
Medical imaging diagnosis is the most commonly used method in cancer diagnosis [6]. Through the analysis of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US), positron emission computed tomography (PET), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and other image data, doctors can make diagnosis and analysis of the digestive system, including detection of cancer, analysis of cancer types, determination of cancer location, and segmentation of the cancer regions. At present, cancer imaging examination relies mainly on the manual reading of doctors, which requests a high standard of the doctor’s professional skills, clinical experience, and concentration. However, the increasing number of medical imaging data has brought more and more challenges to radiologists. The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) provides a new opportunity for automatic analysis of medical images and assisting doctors in achieving high-precision diagnosis of diseases. In the diagnosis of DSC, the use of AI to assist radiologists can achieve cancer detection quickly and effectively. Therefore, it is of great significance to the research and application of DSC detection based on AI.