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Basic Specification Problems
Published in Max McRobb, Specification Writing and Management, 2020
A very good example is to be found in Article 6, which sets out the proposed definition for a defective product. It has commonly been understood by industry for many years that a defective product is one that does not conform to its governing specification in a measurable way. (This is more or less in agreement with the definition in BS 4778.) The degree of nonconformance can be expressed precisely in numbers relating to particular parameters. The EEC commission has turned this long-standing belief on its head. The proposed new definition is as follows: A product is defective when it does not provide for persons or property the safety which a person is entitled to expect.
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Published in George S. Dominguez, Kenneth G. Bartlett, Hazardous Waste Management, 2022
Mary Jean Marvin, Kenneth G. Bartlett
In the products liability field, strict liability applies to manufacturing defects, defective design, and inadequate warnings. Plaintiff must prove: (1) the product was defective; (2) the defect existed when the product left defendant’s control; and (3) the defect caused injury.
An imperfect production model with energy consumption, GHG emissions and fuzzy demand under a sustainable supply chain
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
During the manufacturing of the product, if there is a malfunction in the process, the products produced will be defective. As a consequence, the quality of the goods/products has been decreased and production has been affected. As a result, two distinct functions related to the production rate and the quality of the process are considered. If the machine operation ceases, i.e. the machine is inoperative, defective products will not be produced. If the machine operates, there will be a chance that the defective items will appear. Therefore, the mean time to failure (MTTF) is assumed to be independent of the production rate in practical issues is inappropriate. It is perfectly suitable to assume that the MTTF function is strictly decreasing the production rate. A strictly increasing function of P is considered from (Khouja and Mehrez 1994), so that the MTTF becomes a strictly decreasing function of P. Two distinct cases with two distinct functions were implemented to describe MTTF: