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General Reading III
Published in Sanjay Sharma, Inventory Planning with Innovation, 2021
Quality of any item is related to fitness for its use. It is a kind of degree of perfection. Inspection is a procedure to measure the quality of an item which may be described by certain standards and specifications. Specifications are checked by inspecting the item and it is decided whether the item is accepted or rejected.
Overview of Quality
Published in Abdul Razzak Rumane, Quality Management in Oil and Gas Projects, 2021
An inspection is a specific examination, testing, and formal evaluation exercise and overall appraisal of a process, product, or service to ascertain if it conforms to established requirements. It involves measurements, tests, and gauges applied to certain characteristics in regard to an object or an activity. The results are usually compared with specified requirements and standards for determining whether the item or activity is in line with the target. Inspections are usually nondestructive. Some of the nondestructive methods of inspection are as follows: VisualLiquid dye penetrantMagnetic particleRadiographyUltrasonicEddy currentAcoustic emissionThermography
The Operations Plan
Published in David C. Kimball, Robert N. Lussier, Entrepreneurship Skills for New Ventures, 2020
David C. Kimball, Robert N. Lussier
Statistical quality control involves using control charts. These charts show expected and actual performance. Statistical quality control is at the heart of Deming’s philosophy and the TQM concept. Statistical quality control analyses reveal the quality of the operation process. The primary purpose of inspection is to identify whether the quality of the product falls within certain specifications. Otherwise, the product will not be acceptable. It is necessary to specify limits, because it is impossible to produce each and every unit to exact specifications. Any operation varies because of chance occurrences. Tools wear, raw materials vary, employees become fatigued, and machines slip.
Food inspector scheduling with outcome and daily-schedule effects
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2023
Ming Liu, Hao Tang, Feng Chu, Zhanguo Zhu, Chengbin Chu
Inspection plays an important role in many companies and various government agencies for assessing quality and risks. Inspection results are further used to enable remedial actions and ensure operations meet quality, labour, safety, environmental standards and regulatory compliance. In the United States, there are more than 7500 inspectors employed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to conduct inspection services for over 6600 establishments and 150,000 in-commerce facilities nationwide.12 Their mission is to ensure the safety and integrity of meat, poultry and egg products. Food-safety inspectors in the United Kingdom and Australia, often called the Environmental Health Officers, are regularly scheduled to visit food producing premises to check if the business obeys the food law. Inspection accuracy is critical for preventing food-safety incidents and inspection consistency is essential to establishing authority of government departments and achieving optimal inspection policy outcomes.
Fault diagnosis of visual faults in photovoltaic modules: A Review
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2021
Naveen Venkatesh S, V Sugumaran
The initial step for identifying faults in a PVM is through inspection by plain sight. Visual inspection is a simple method to identify some failures and defects. It also helps the observer to monitor external stresses and gives a proper insight into the PVM condition. This inspection is necessary to know the state of modules before installation and to monitor its performance after long time operation in the field where it is exposed to thermal stresses and environmental factors. Visual inspection is carried out based on standards given by International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) which states that 1000 lux illumination is required during an investigation and faults visible to bare eyes are considered when inspected at different angles. The visual inspection helps in collecting a large amount of data which consists of a checklist for each panel; however, it has some drawbacks as it is time consuming and requires a lot of manpower (Aghaei et al. 2015). In recent times unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have been put into use in visual inspection to reduce the drawbacks listed earlier. UAV installed with onboard sensors and digital cameras are used to capture images and provide data to the ground control unit for further detection of visible faults (Li et al. 2017). Table 3 depicts typical faults that can be detected using visual inspection in various components of a PVM.
Repetitive inspection scheme based on the run length of test results: A Markov chain Monte Carlo approach
Published in Quality Engineering, 2020
Inspection is one of the most effective tools that can improve and assure the quality of parts, materials, and final products in the manufacturing industry. Consider a manufacturing firm that receives raw materials from various vendors, performs certain operations on them, and then delivers finished goods to customers. There can be an inspection at each stage: (i) acceptance inspection of the raw materials received from the vendors before they are fed into the production line, (ii) process inspection of the production line, and (iii) final inspection of completed goods before shipping them to customers.