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Introduction
Published in Kurt A. Polzin, Ashley K. Hallock, Kamesh Sankaran, Justin M. Little, Circuit Modeling of Inductively-Coupled Pulsed Accelerators, 2023
Kurt A. Polzin, Ashley K. Hallock, Kamesh Sankaran, Justin M. Little
Inductive pulsed plasma accelerators [1] are typically categorized by the nature of their magnetic flux lines. While all magnetic flux lines close on themselves, the term “open” magnetic flux in this case refers to a configuration where the currents in the external driving circuit coil and the plasma produce a concentrated axisymmetric r-z magnetic field sandwiched between the two currents. This can be accomplished either in the planar configuration shown in Fig. 1.2a, producing an axially-accelerating plasma sheet, or in the conical theta-pinch configuration shown in Fig. 1.2b, yielding a plasma sheet that is accelerated both in the radially-inward and axial directions. In contrast to either of those devices, the plasma in a third design permutation known as the theta-pinch is inductively squeezed in a pure radially-inward direction. In any of these configurations the concentrated field lines in the r-z plane, once leaving the space between the external coil and the plasma, expand to fill space until they reconnect to themselves on the other side of the external coil as illustrated in Fig.1.3.
Pellet-Injector Technology—Brief History and Key Developments in the Last 25 Years
Published in Fusion Science and Technology, 2018
A Russian company (PELIN) developed and refined the design/operation of a continuous extruder with a single rotating screw, as depicted in Fig. 6 (Fig. 1 in Ref. 36) and has supplied pellet-injection systems based on this technology to six experiments in Asia and Europe [LHD in 2002 (Refs. 28 and 29), Tore Supra in 2003 (Refs. 30 and 31), HL-2A in 2008 (Refs. 32 and 33), JET in 2009 (Refs. 34, 35, and 36), EAST in 2011 and 2015 (Refs. 37, 38, and 39), and KSTAR in 2016 (Refs. 39 and 40)]. As referenced, Vinyar and coauthors have published several papers describing the single-screw extruder and operation of these pellet-injection systems. The highest extrusion rate reported with this technology has been ~1400 mm3/s (Ref. 36) and approaches the performance parameters required for the demanding fueling rate for ITER D-T operation. In addition to the injectors based on the single-screw extruder, PELIN developed and supplied a 12-barrel pipe-gun–type injector35 for a theta pinch plasma facility installed at Tri Alpha Energy Inc. (United States).