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Intelligent Robotics for Space Applications
Published in Spyros G. Tzafestas, Intelligent Robotic Systems, 2020
Work in the system architecture and integration thrust addresses development of computational architectures and design methodologies leading to an evolved telerobot capability. Relevant areas of investigation include robot and task modeling and experimental data base design; robot system simulation, design, and programming languages; and electro-mechanical designs specialized to system-level requirements of manual and automated control (NRC, 1987). This work cuts across broad telerobotics objectives and is essential to achieving traded and shared control, operation with short time delays, and operation in casually structured, nonrepetitive scenarios.
Intervention: Nanotechnology in Reconstructive Intervention and Surgery
Published in Harry F. Tibbals, Medical Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, 2017
Telerobotics is the ability to manipulate the robot from a distance. Much surgical robotics can be described as telerobotic in the sense that surgery is performed from a control console rather than directly over the patient. This capability can be extended to remote distances with advanced high-speed communications for real-time control, imaging, and feedback. The concept of remote telerobotics is being developed and evaluated for extension of skilled medical and surgical care, training, and mentoring across distances to places where resources are not available or to dangerous locations such as conflict zones or disaster areas [181-186].
Attitude stability control system of mobile robot mechanism based on nanosensor
Published in Journal of Control and Decision, 2023
Dongfang Song, Hong Ji, Guanfei Yin
The autonomous function of a mobile robot includes navigation, positioning, obstacle avoidance, obstacle crossing, and attitude adjustment in a known environment. At present, the technology of the fully autonomous system is not very mature, and the realisation of a semi-autonomous robot control system with part of human participation is the direction pursued by various countries at present (Gupta et al., 2019; Lv & Kumar, 2020; Wang, Hu, Hu, et al., 2019; Wang, Hu, Li, et al., 2019). Autonomous robots detect their surroundings using various sensors such as Lidar, radar, ultrasonic sensors, infrared sensors, Global Positioning System (GPS), and so on. The control system of an autonomous vehicle reads information from its surroundings to determine the best course and identify any barriers on the road. The barriers chosen allowed us to test all alternative crossing techniques produced by combining the motion primitives specified. The first obstacle requires a stepping over primitive, the second and third obstacles allow for the testing of two distinct stepping on behaviours, and the final obstacle requires navigation to drive around the item. The development of a robot teleoperation system is the key to realise the semi-autonomous control system and also becomes the necessary function of robot remote control. The information interaction mode designed in this paper is a client server lamp mode. The robot body embedded industrial computer is the server side, and the remote end is the client side. Wireless Local Area Network (LAN) technology is used to realise wireless communication, which is called one. Teleoperations, often known as telerobotics, is the technical word for controlling a robot from a distance. A human operator directs the robot’s motions from afar via a telerobotic system. Signals are given to the robot to operate it; other signals return to the operator, indicating that the robot follows the instructions. Telemetry refers to the control and response signals, which is composed of client side, server side, and wireless communication mode connecting them. Wireless communication completes information feedback and command transmission through wireless network cards installed on client and server, respectively. Robot man can not only control remote operation through client’s command but also realise local operation on server side, the server responds to the client’s request and serves it.
Augmented reality technology in the manufacturing industry: A review of the last decade
Published in IISE Transactions, 2019
Eleonora Bottani, Giuseppe Vignali
In line with these argumentations, in this area technical AR solutions mainly aim at supporting inspectors during the on-field inspection/diagnosis of a machine or when carrying out maintenance tasks (De Marchi et al., 2013), covering also facility maintenance (Koch et al., 2014). The use of AR is expected to avoid delays and possible mistakes during maintenance activities, thus decreasing the related costs (Benbelkacem et al., 2013). Telerobotics is the area of robotics concerned with the control of semi-autonomous robots from a distance (Sheridan, 1989; Goldberg and Siegwart, 2001). In this field, only two technical solutions for the usage of AR were developed, i.e., an AR user interface for nanoscale interaction (Vogl et al.,2006) and a real-time client-server system that can be integrated with 3D AR services (Al-Mouhamed et al., 2006). Visualization issues have been dealt with by Klein and Murray (2010), who proposed a method to model the artifacts produced by a small low-cost camera and add these effects to an ideal pinhole image produced by conventional rendering methods. Sensors (i.e., typically “inertial sensors” of mobile devices) are used in AR environment to estimate the position, inclination, or movement of an object; they have been used to this end by Chandaria et al. (2007) and Han and Zhao (2015). An HMD is a display device, worn on the head or as part of a helmet, with one or two small displays; an exhaustive examination of display systems (including HMDs) suitable for adoption in AR environments has been made by Weng et al. (2012). Kellner et al. (2012) have instead addressed the issue of calibrating these devices for their optimal usage in AR or VR environments. “Haptic” is a term derived from the Greek word “hapticos,” i.e., pertaining to the sense of touch; accordingly, haptic technology is a way to recreate the sense of touch by applying forces, vibrations, or motions to the user (El Saddik et al., 2011). Haptic AR systems (also called visuo-haptic augmented reality) enable users to see and touch digital information that is embedded in the real world (Eck et al., 2015). Van West et al. (2007) have developed the “haptic tweezer,” i.e. a combination of haptic technology and an electrostatic levitation system that allows manipulating objects without direct contact; this technological solution can be useful when manipulating fragile or contaminated components, as it avoids touching them. Another technical solution was developed by Henderson and Feiner (2010), to integrate haptic technology and opportunistic controls, i.e., a class of user interaction techniques for AR applications that support gesturing on and receiving feedback from affordances already present in the domain environment (Henderson and Feiner, 2008).