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Voice over Internet Protocol Networks
Published in Goff Hill, The Cable and Telecommunications Professionals' Reference, 2012
VoIP softphones (usually simply called softphones) make use of an existing PC soundcard and network connection to provide all the hardware for the “phone” so that all that is provided by the vendor is software. These systems have an advantage in that additional services can be provided with the phone where the PC can be used to provide the user interface. So, for example, softphones often provide address book facilities, “buddy lists” (which notify the user of other commonly contacted people and their “online” status), and instant messaging systems. However, they have a distinct disadvantage in that the audio path is highly variable due to the large variation in PC hardware and the different ways in which users configure sound card gain controls. Later this problem will be considered when echo control is discussed.
Design and implementation of a VoIP PBX integrated Vietnamese virtual assistant: a case study
Published in Journal of Information and Telecommunication, 2023
Hai Son Hoang, Anh Khoa Tran, Thanh Phong Doan, Huu Khoa Tran, Ngoc Minh Duc Dang, Hoang Nam Nguyen
The core components of a VoIP network, as shown in Figure 1, include the gateway, VoIP server, and end-user equipment (Gohel & Lakhtaria, 2010; Martin et al., 2018; Montazerolghaem et al., 2016; Senthil Kumar et al., 2015; Suwannaraj & Boonkrong, 2014). Gateway: This component helps to convert analogue signals into digital signals (and vice versa).VoIP gateways: These act as a bridge between the regular telephone network PSTN and the VoIP network.VoIP server PBX: The central server has the function of routeing and securing VoIP calls. In the H.323 network, it is called the gatekeeper. In an SIP network, servers are known as SIP servers.End-user equipment, i.e. a softphone and personal computer: This includes a headphone, software, and an Internet connection. Popular free software includes Skype or MS Teams.Phone to communicate with IP adapter: to use a VoIP service, a regular phone must be attached to an IP adapter to connect to the VoIP server. An adapter is a device with at least one RJ11 port (for attachment to the phone), an RJ45 (for attachment to the Internet or PSTN line), and one power port.IP phones: phones used exclusively for VoIP networks. IP phones do not need a VoIP adapter because they are built-in to enable direct connection to the VoIP server.