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Mechanical Properties of Materials in Environmental Media
Published in Yichun Zhou, Li Yang, Yongli Huang, Micro- and MacroMechanical Properties of Materials, 2013
Yichun Zhou, Li Yang, Yongli Huang
There are many types of rays with high strength in the reactor. However, for metal materials, the primary influence comes from fast neutrons. After the metal material is impacted by these energycarrying particles, defects like micropores, depleted atom zones, faults, dislocation loops, and phase changes occur, and radiation damage results. Material performance changes due to radiation damage defects are called the radiation effect. Many tests show that, after being irradiated by fast neutrons, the material's radiation behavior mainly includes increased strength, reduced plasticity (radiation hardening), reduced toughness, increased fracture appearance transition temperature (radiation embrittlement), increased creep rate (radiation creep), geometric size changes, reduced density (radiation growth, radiation swelling), and so on [22-27]. In this section, we only describe radiation hardening and the radiation embrittlement effect related to mechanical property changes.
Review of Approaches for Radiation Hardened Combinational Logic in CMOS Silicon Technology
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2018
Vaibhav Sharma, Arvind Rajawat
Radiation hardening is a technique used to protect and mitigate the effects introduced in an IC due to radiation. The need for hardening is because these chips are used at some critical places where fault occurrence cannot be tolerated and there is a high need to mitigate it. Some of the examples are alarm systems in nuclear reactor, missile and radar systems, medical devices, and satellites orbiting around earth. Although, hardening acts to be beneficial, its trade off include power-area-delay (PAD) overheads, the decisive factors of performance for any electronic device. Depending on the technique utilized, overheads may be one or more than one.