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Circuit Variables and Elements
Published in Nassir H. Sabah, Electric Circuits and Signals, 2017
According to the passive sign convention, if the assigned positive direction of current through a passive circuit element is in the direction of a voltage drop across the element, a positive sign is used in the v–i relation of that circuit element. If the assigned positive direction of current through the element is in the direction of a voltage rise across the element, a negative sign is used in the v–i relation of that circuit element.
Equivalent Circuit Based Modeling of Multiple Winding Transformers
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
The ideal transformer in Figure 2(a) has zero power loss. U1, I1 in the ideal transformer refers to the values of the input, and U2, I2 to the output values. The terminal equations of the ideal transformer are given in (1). According to the passive sign convention, Here, “n” is the transformation ratio of the transformer determined according to the primary and secondary winding numbers (Np, Ns), and the expression is given in (2),
Corrigendum: a momentum form of Kane’s equations for scleronomic systems
Published in Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems, 2018
James R. Phillips, Farid Amirouche
Due to the passive sign convention adopted for nonworking constraints, the generalized constraint force acts on B2 to oppose its motion relative to B1, as measured by the generalized speed , while the internal thrust acts in the opposite direction; therefore, we have
A momentum form of Kane’s equations for scleronomic systems
Published in Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems, 2018
James R. Phillips, Farid Amirouche
where we have selected a passive sign convention for . Note has both an active component and a gyrational component .