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Optical Fabrication
Published in Daniel Malacara-Hernández, Brian J. Thompson, Advanced Optical Instruments and Techniques, 2017
The goal of most optical engineering is to develop hardware that uses optical components, such as lenses, prisms, mirrors, and windows. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the principles and technologies used to manufacture these components, with the goal of helping the optical engineer understand the relationships between fabrication issues and specifications. While we describe here an overview of many of the basic methods of fabrication, we also provide references to other books and articles that provide a more complete treatment.
Introduction
Published in Daniel Vukobratovich, Paul Yoder, Fundamentals of Optomechanics, 2018
Daniel Vukobratovich, Paul Yoder
Optomechanics is concerned about the shape and position of the surfaces of an optical system. Optical engineering is defined as the control of light. Light is generated, directed, and detected through interactions with surfaces. Examples are refraction and reflection. Hence, based on the preceding definition, optomechanics is the discipline associated with maintaining the geometry and alignment of optical surfaces, thus ensuring the design performance of an optical system.
Optomechanical Design Principles
Published in Anees Ahmad, Handbook of Optomechanical Engineering, 2018
Optical engineering is defined as the control of light. Light is controlled by interaction with surfaces, as is the case in refraction or reflection. Optomechanics is defined as that part of optical engineering concerned with maintaining the shape and position of the surfaces of an optical system.
Bilinear forms and vector bright solitons for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system with variable coefficients in an inhomogeneous optical fiber
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2021
Xin Zhao, Bo Tian, Chen-Rong Zhang, Meng Wang
Optical fiber communication system has been considered as one of the core supporting systems in the modern internet age [1]. Ultrashort optical pulses1 have been at the forefront of fiber optics, modern optics and optical engineering [1–4]. Generations of the ultrashort optical pulses have been investigated [5–10]. People have found the properties of the vector solitons with the potential applications in the all-optical switching devices, design of the logic gates and information transformation [11]. However, due to the long distance communication and manufacturing problems, researchers have devoted themselves to determining an appropriate combination of the dispersion and optical amplification to achieve the stable soliton propagation [12–14]. With the investigations of the simultaneous propagation and interaction of two soliton pulses in the birefringent or two-mode fiber, the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger-type (NLS) systems have been used to describe the transmission of optical solitons in optical fibers [15–19], which are the special cases of the nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). Solutions of the NLEEs have been attractive [20–34]. NLS-type systems have also been applied in nonlinear optics, fluid mechanics, plasma physics and condensed matter physics [35–38].
Design of a compact off-axis two-mirror freeform infrared imager with a wide field of view
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2019
Jingfei Ye, Jun Yu, Zhenzhen Song, Shixin Pei, Qun Yuan, Zhishan Gao, Yu He
For the pupil diameter () of an infrared imager, a larger pupil will increase the incident light flux. However, if the pupil diameter is too large, the size of the first viewing mirror will be larger across the full field of view. Moreover, the conflicts of edges between the viewing mirror and focusing mirror could be encountered. In this design, the pupil diameter is set as 12 mm in order to achieve a large field of view and maintain a relatively small physical size for the off-axis reflective freeform infrared imager. The optical specifications of our freeform infrared imager are listed in Table 1. It should be noted that, for an extremely compact and off-axis optical system, the correspondence of image height and field of view based on Gaussian optics can be released. There is little difference from a coaxial optical system. In fact, we make a compromise between the field of view, sensor size, and focal length in practical optical engineering. In our design, we deliberately do not limit the image size for the compact off-axis freeform infrared imager. We concentrate on how to obtain a high-performance and compact infrared imager with a large pupil diameter and a fast focal ratio over a wide field of view.
Investigations into the mechanism of material removal and surface modification at atomic scale on stainless steel using molecular dynamics simulation
Published in Philosophical Magazine, 2018
Prabhat Ranjan, R. Balasubramaniam, V. K. Jain
In the present era of optical engineering, adaptive optics is playing a vital role [17], in which a flexible mirror has become an essential element. A thin sheet of SS304L steel exhibits excellent flexibility, formability and corrosion resistivity. Moreover, in the field of display like LCD (liquid crystal display), flexible panels are being developed in which glass wafers are replaced by metal foils and polymers [18]. Thereafter, the TFT (thin-film transistors) array needs to build up on a flexible panel using a micro-fabrication technique [19]. Thus, there is a requisite to develop a metal mirror on stainless steel with atomic level of surface finish for the micro-fabrication.