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Drone hardware/software
Published in Ralph DeFrangesco, Stephanie DeFrangesco, The Big Book of Drones, 2023
Ralph DeFrangesco, Stephanie DeFrangesco
LIDAR sensors use ultraviolet light to image objects or provide ranging capabilities. LIDAR is used in many cases, including accident scenes, forestry, agriculture and landscaping, terrain modeling, and archeology. A LIDAR system for ranging can be purchased for as little as $100.
Securing Future Autonomous Applications Using Cyber-Physical Systems and the Internet of Things
Published in Amit Kumar Tyagi, Niladhuri Sreenath, Handbook of Research of Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems, 2022
S. Sobana, S. Krishna Prabha, T. Seerangurayar, S. Sudha
LiDAR works by the principle of light emitting and the time it takes to reflect the light to identify an object. Using jammers an attacker can hack the signal and stop from reflection. If there is no reflection LiDAR concludes there is no object and continues to hit the object. There by attackers make the system to get damaged [61]. The attack on LiDAR can be reduced by reducing receiving angle [62], reducing the LiDAR receiving time, introducing randomness while LiDAR is working [63].
Tunnel inspection with high-performance devices. Methodology
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2020
F. Sánchez-Domínguez, J.A. Ramos-García, Álvaro Barbolla-Díaz, E. Calvo-Haro, T. Vitti, Q. Vitti
Lidar is a technique used currently in mobile mapping and topography for 3D reconstruction in a wide range of infrastructures. This technology measures the distance to the object to be analyzed through an emitted pulsed laser, measuring different physical principles of the reflected light from the object.
New strategies on the application of artificial intelligence in the field of phytoremediation
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023
Pratyasha Singh, Aparupa Pani, Arun S. Mujumdar, Shivanand S. Shirkole
The recently launched Sentinel-1A as well as the whole Copernicus program including Sentinel 2 optical data solved the problems regarding the cost of images internationally. Since European space agency (ESA) offers a free data distribution policy. Sentinel-1A satellite provides long-term operational services in agriculture, environment, climate, and food security. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology provides an alternative approach for 3D plant model reconstruction. LiDAR is a remote sensing technology to measure the distance between the sensor and an object of interest by illuminating the object with a laser and analyzing the time of flight (TOF). LiDAR may be the best known and most widely used sensor for 3D canopy reconstruction (Deery et al.2014; Gibbs et al.2016).
Health assessment of plantations based on LiDAR canopy spatial structure parameters
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2022
Pengyu Meng, Hong Wang, Shuhong Qin, Xiuneng Li, Zhenglin Song, Yicong Wang, Yi Yang, Jay Gao
Due to strong canopy penetration, LiDAR (light detection and ranging) can obtain three-dimensional forest structures within and below the canopy (Næsset 2002). Therefore, LiDAR is well suited for measuring forest biophysical parameters, such as tree height, volume, and biomass (Lausch et al. 2017), whose changes can reflect tree growth (Næsset and Gobakken 2008; Silva et al. 2016). LiDAR can also easily calculate a variety of parameters that describe forest ecological conditions, the most critical of which is canopy cover (Lausch et al. 2017; Leeuwen and Nieuwenhuis 2010). The vertical distribution differences of branches and leaves in the canopy can be distinguished by quantifying the canopy profile with a Weibull distribution (Tompalski et al. 2015). In addition, LiDAR-derived structural parameters can describe both the vertical (Zhang, Lin, and She 2017) and horizontal heterogeneity (Moran, Rowell, and Seielstad 2018) of stands, which have a close bearing on forest health and biodiversity (Gao et al. 2014). In summary, the LiDAR-derived parameters can well represent the changes in canopy spatial structure and therefore quantitatively evaluate the forest health status.
Towards application of light detection and ranging sensor to traffic detection: an investigation of its built-in features and installation techniques
Published in Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2022
Junxuan Zhao, Hao Xu, Yuan Tian, Hongchao Liu
Laser is one of the major inventions of the twentieth century. With recent advancement in electronic and communication technologies, laser sensors with smaller size and higher precision have been developed. An important application of the laser is Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), which measures distance to a target by illuminating the target with pulsed laser light and analyzing the reflected pulses. This is a typical non-contact active measurement technique that provides digitalized three-dimensional (3D) representation of a target based on the differences in laser return times and wavelengths. High-accuracy point clouds data can be collected quickly, stably, and reliably during both daytime and nighttime (Csanyi & Toth, 2007). In the past decade, LiDAR has been widely used in remote sensing. For example, airborne LiDAR sensors are used to measure vertical structure, bulk density, base, and peak heights of forest canopy in forest industry (Ahmed et al., 2016). Bathymetric LiDAR is a technique to capture geospatial data of coastlines and shallow waters as well as creating hydrographic data (Mandlburger et al., 2015). Terrestrial LiDAR sensors are the top choice for archeological survey, landslide monitoring, coastal erosion analysis, etc. (Kromer et al., 2017; Mahmud et al., 2015; Westoby et al., 2018).