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Video Compression
Published in Jerry D. Gibson, Mobile Communications Handbook, 2017
Do-Kyoung Kwon, Madhukar Budagavi, Vivienne Sze, Woo-Shik Kim
HEVC is intended for larger resolutions and higher frame rates. Accordingly, HEVC uses larger “macroblocks (MB)” compared to H.264/AVC. In HEVC, the largest coding unit (LCU) is 64 × 64 pixels, which is 16 times larger than the 16 × 16 pixel MB used in H.264/AVC. Using a large coding unit helps to improve coding efficiency, particularly for high resolutions where many pixels may share the same characteristics. The largest coding unit can be divided into smaller coding units (CU) using a quadtree structure as shown in Figure 29.29. A split flag is transmitted to indicate whether a CU should be divided into four smaller CUs. The smallest coding unit (SCU) allowed in HEVC is 8 × 8 pixels. An additional feature in HEVC is that within an LCU, there can be a mixture of inter and intra coding units. The CU can be further divided into prediction units (PU). The PU within a coding unit will undergo the same form of prediction (either all inter or all intra). The allowed PU sizes within a CU depend on whether the CU is inter- or intra predicted. Asymmetric motion partitions (AMP) are allowed for inter predicted PU.
5G Edge-Based Video Surveillance in Smart Cities
Published in Zoran S. Bojkovic, Dragorad A. Milovanovic, Tulsi Pawan Fowdur, 5G Multimedia Communication, 2020
The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) was formed to create a standard in digital video. There is a whole family of standards based on MPEG compression techniques. Although the methods of compression are similar to JPEG, MPEG provides motion compensation, and the bandwidth and storage space is drastically reduced compared with MJPEG. The prevailing compression standard at the moment in video surveillance is H.264. Due to many improvements in the algorithm (more efficient prediction methods) compared with older standards, H.264 can encode and decode video at a higher quality with the same bit rate or using half the bandwidth of its codec predecessors with the same video quality. It requires high level of processing power because there are more mathematical computation requirements necessary to achieve the higher-quality image. H.264 can provide better quality video for video analytics, and due to the required high level of processing power on both sides, it can easily support the most demanding video analytics software application and alarm signals processing of any kind. Recently, H.265 or high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) – the latest MPEG standard, entered in video surveillance industry mainly to support higher-resolution video (4K and 8K) that is very important in security applications. If compared with H.264, HEVC achieves the same perceptual quality of video with only half (or even less than half) of the bit rate used by H.264 [12]. HEVC extends the compression concepts implemented in H.264 and achieves improvement in many areas [13], like in intrapicture prediction, like in motion compensation precision and motion vector prediction, or extended macroblock sizes, and many more.
Fundamentals of Digital Video Coding
Published in Yun-Qing Shi, Huifang Sun, Image and Video Compression for Multimedia Engineering, 2019
High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) or H.265: HEVC, also known as H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2, was also been developed by the JVT in 2013 [H265]. It is a new video compression standard and one of several potential successors to the widely used AVC (H.264 or MPEG-4 Part 10). In comparison to H.264/AVC, HEVC offers about double the data compression ratio at the same level of video quality, or substantially improved video quality at the same bit rate. It supports resolutions up to 8192 × 4320, including 8K UHD. The detailed information will be described in Chapter 21.
Performance-efficient integration and programming approach of DCT accelerator for HEVC in MANGO platform
Published in Automatika, 2019
Igor Piljić, Leon Dragić, Mario Kovač
Latest analysis and statistics show that 82% of global IP traffic will be video traffic by 2022, which is an increase from 75% in 2017 [1]. Handling and transferring this huge amount of data requires efficient systems, in terms of performance, power and predictability, that are able to deliver video content with desired Quality of Experience (QoE). High-efficiency video coding (HEVC) is one of the latest video coding standards that can achieve up to 50% bitrate reduction when compared to the previous standard Advanced Video Coding (AVC) [2]. However, the computational complexity and resource requirements of HEVC are increased by up to 10 times [3]. To deal with the increased computational complexity it is necessary to intelligently utilize all software and hardware components of the system. Although software algorithms can lead to significant improvements, heterogeneous accelerator-based architectures on high performance computers can drastically improve power-performance ratio of the system, so their analysis and exploitation, especially for large-scale video content providers are necessary.
A New Low Complexity Bit-truncation Based Motion Estimation and Its Efficient VLSI Architecture
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2021
Sravan K. Vittapu, Souvik Kundu, Sumit K. Chatterjee
The High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard has been presented in 2013 [1]. HEVC provides better optimization in terms of bitrate compared to its predecessor H.264/AVC standard using advanced coding tools [1]. For the video sequences of large frame size, i.e. Ultra High Definition (UHD) videos, better coding efficiency is achieved by HEVC compared to its predecessor H.264/AVC standard. In HEVC, the increase in the coding efficiency increases the computational complexity and thus making HEVC more complex than H.264/AVC [2]. Therefore, H.264/AVC standard is best suited for real-time low-end electronic gadgets like mobile phones with limited battery capacity compared to HEVC since both video coding standards shows similar performance [2].
An Approach for Diagnostically Lossless Coding of Volumetric Medical Data Based on Wavelet and Just-Noticeable-Distortion Model
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
B. K. Chandrika, P. Aparna, S. Sumam David
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard employs JPEG2K compression technique. The 2D integer wavelet transform is used to implement the JPEG2K compression technique. HEVC is a new standard for the compression of video, that employs multi frame motion compensation and estimation. MILC is a low-complexity compression algorithm developed for 3D medical images that exploit redundancies present in 3D space using 3D linear prediction and arithmetic coding.