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Bandwidth Allocation Scheme with QoS Provisioning for Heterogeneous Optical and Wireless Networks
Published in Mahmoud Elkhodr, Qusay F. Hassan, Seyed Shahrestani, Networks of the Future, 2017
Siti H. Mohammad, Nadiatulhuda Zulkifli, Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus, Arnidza Ramli
Traditionally, the copper cable and microwave link are often used as wireless backhaul. However, the cost of deployment for both technologies scales linearly with the bandwidth. Although advanced copper-based technologies (e.g., G.fast) are able to carry signals with rates of a few Gb/s, they can cover only short distances (Fiorani et al., 2015). Thus, this technology is suitable to be used for the network with low-bit options or short-distance applications. Since 3G applications, the deployment of cost-effective solutions has been discussed for backhaul networks to accommodate the higher demand in data rates as well as to prepare for LTE networks. Due to this, optical fiber is favored as the backhaul solution because it offers cost reduction, huge capacity, and high reliability in which most of the existing research have focused in GPON network.
Field trial of active coexistence unit over a gigabit passive optical network with live broadband subscribers
Published in Khaled Habib, Elfed Lewis, Frontier Research and Innovation in Optoelectronics Technology and Industry, 2018
D. Tarsono, A. Ahmad, K. Khairi, N.A. Ngah
Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) technology is widely deployed throughout several countries and the number of broadband users has tremendously increased in the past few years. Telekom Malaysia (TM), for example, has rolled out High-Speed Broadband (HSBB) utilizing GPON technology since 2008, serving more than one million subscribers in major Malaysian cities. Consequently, Malaysian internet traffic growth has increased at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 53.5% between 2012 and 2017, largely contributed to by mobile internet, video streaming, Over-The-Top (OTT) content, cloud computing, and social media (MyIX, 2017).
The New Access Network Systems and Enabling Technologies
Published in Iannone Eugenio, Telecommunication Networks, 2017
In the case of GPON, each user receives the signal directed to all the users so that it is possible to gain access to the signal directed to another user by simply working on the ONU. Moreover, if the ranging protocol of a single ONU does not work, the wrongly synchronized signal interferes with the signals from other ONUs in the branching point damaging other users.
VCSEL-based differential modulation technique for high-speed gigabit passive optical networks
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2019
G. M. Isoe, S. Wassin, E.K. Rotich Kipnoo, A. W. R. Leitch, T. B. Gibbon
Existing GPON networks use multiple wavelengths in a single fibre to multiply network capacity without necessarily increasing the data rate per user channel. However, by adopting our proposed time domain multiplexing interferometer technique at the network transmission layer, the data rate per single channel can be doubled hence upgrading the entire network capacity and efficiency, without necessarily replacing the network optics. Typically, in a generic PON architecture, a single SMF fibre connects a central office to a remote distribution node, which contains passive splitters or/and multiplexers and de-multiplexer. PON also operate at varied distances depending on the transmitter power level, and provide data rates in the order of Gbps due to its end-to-end fibre infrastructure.
Performance Analysis of Radio Over Fiber System Employing Photonics Antenna and Different Modulation Schemes
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Nowadays, gigabit passive optical networks (GPONs) are available to the users for commercial purposes as they are standardized by the agencies. GPON fiber deployment has been accelerated with the growing demand of bandwidth required as a result of high speed Internet traffic. This evolution basically provides higher bandwidth in the downstream.
5G Mobile Wireless Access and Digital Channeling with RF Over Fiber for Long-Haul 64-QAM Communication
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Mazin Al Noor, Bal S. Virdee, Karim Ouazzane, Dion Mariyanayagam, Harry Benetatos, Svetla Hubenova
This paper describes the experimental results of a novel CWDM radio frequency over fiber architecture for 5G backhaul networks. We have demonstrated the feasibility of transmitting data at 20 Gb/s over a distance of 600 km using the proposed GPON-CWDM network architecture. The results show that the proposed system can significantly enhance the system bandwidth to (1) extend the coverage area, (2) increase the data bit rate, (3) decrease the power consumption, and (4) improve the signal quality (SNR) of the wireless system. The proposed GPON-CWDM network topology utilizes RFoF to integrate 5G; the investigation proves the RFoF system’s ability to transmit a mixed signal (analog and digital) via a fiber optic cable. With the proposed technique the capacity of the optical communication network is increased. It is shown that the deployment of optical fiber links to distribute RF signals from a central station (CS) to remote antenna units (RAU) results in extremely low signal loss, i.e. 0.2 dB/km for the wavelength of 1550 nm. Also shown is the viability of transmitting 5G signals over CWDM channels in GPON via an RFoF system. In this study we have limited the number of 5G signals to 18 different wavelengths; however, in practice, this would be far greater. 5G transmissions to the RAU need to be converted to fiber optic signals. WDM is used to multiplex the optical CWDM and the RF signals for transmission via fiber, first, to a fiber of length of 160 km and then to 210 km. Chromatic dispersion in the single-mode fiber is controlled using a triple symmetrical compensator scheme and a mix of SMF, dispersion-compensating fiber, and chirped fiber Bragg grating for transmission over 600 km. The transmission distance we have used in the study is representative of a long-haul optical fiber network that is used to cover a large geographical area. The compensator scheme is used to equalize the dispersion slope in a fiber, which is demonstrated using DCF and CFBG. Dispersion-compensating fiber is proven to be effective in overcoming chromatic dispersion in high-velocity light. This is achieved using a negative dispersion slope to compensate for the positive dispersion in SMF.