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FTTH Standards, Deployments, and Issues
Published in Partha Pratim Sahu, Advances in Optical Networks and Components, 2020
Fiber-to-the-X (FTTX, X is home/curb/building) is used for broadband access. There are two services: cable TV [1] and plain old telephone service (POTS) using FTTX equipment [2]. “Fiber-to-the-Home” (FTTH) is a communication architecture in which a communication path is established from optical fiber cables to an optical line terminal (OLT) unit located in telecommunications operator’s switching setup connecting to optical network terminal (ONT). The above two services were provided by two separate architectures. The arrival of high-bandwidth WWW using FTTX has made easy home data communication services along with TV and telephone [3]. The diverse type of traffic flowing through the Internet demands constant bandwidth for quality-of-service (QoS) of transmission. The transmission system is made to give a best-effort service by statistical multiplexing. The data rates range from 100 Mbit/s to 10 Gbit/s in LANs, but MANs and WANs need broadband access having a range in 100 Kbit/s to a few Mbit/s. It is evident from literature that no other technologies other than optical fiber can provide very high bandwidth and optical fiber becomes the ideal medium for high-bandwidth access to integrated services in the networks. In this direction, the FTTX technology such as FTTH has been focused for accessing high-bandwidth services.
Atm Switch Architecture and Systems
Published in Naoaki Yamanaka, High-Performance Backbone Network Technology, 2020
In order to provide multimedia communication services that include home access services, it is necessary to realize cost-effective broadband access networks. FTTH (Fiber To The Home) in which optical fiber cables are extended to individual homes is one of the most powerful infrastructure for realizing such a network. The ATM-PDS (Passive Double Star) technology is a cost-effective approach to realize this FTTH configuration because it enables multiple users to share a single fiber resource while ttansmitting multimedia information within a broadband network [1]-[3].
Information and Communication Technology
Published in Mohammad Razani, Information, Communication, and Space Technology, 2017
FTTH technology involves running a piece of fiber directly to a residence and connecting the optical fiber to an Optical Network Terminal (ONT). The ONT converts optical signals to electronic signals as illustrated in Figure 2.19.
5G Mobile Wireless Access and Digital Channeling with RF Over Fiber for Long-Haul 64-QAM Communication
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Mazin Al Noor, Bal S. Virdee, Karim Ouazzane, Dion Mariyanayagam, Harry Benetatos, Svetla Hubenova
High bandwidth devices, like HDTV, require transmission rates of up to 20 Mb/s, and to stream an average standard definition television (SDTV) requires 6 Mb/s [3,4]. To use broadband services such as HDTV, HD video streaming and interactive online gaming over fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) access network typically requires bandwidth more than 60 Mb/s [2]. The transmission impairments of the wireless medium, however, pose significant challenges [3,4] such as massive power consumption in the base stations, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions, limited bandwidth and lower data bit rate. RF over fiber is ideal for overcoming these challenges in wireless systems, as it utilizes a wide bandwidth, in the order of terahertz (THz) and offers relatively low power loss (∼0.2 dB/km). The strength of an RF signal is its ability to provide tetherless connection to users. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of using RFoF to integrate 5G technology with existing fiber communications infrastructure for transmitting signals with bit rates of 20 Gb/s (downlink) and 10 Gb/s (uplink).
Dynamic O-band to C-band wideband wavelength converter for integrated VCSEL-based optical interconnects
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2019
G. M. Isoe, D. K. Boiyo, T. B. Gibbon
The experimentally measured bit error rate (BER) curves the 1310 nm VCSEL at back-to-back (B2B) analysis and over fibre network one made up of 22 km class G 652 optical fibre is shown in Figure 4. In a commercial scenario application, this section represents a typical access network such as fibre to the home (FTTH) optical link with several users with different bandwidth requirements. G.652 single mode fibres, also known as standard single fibres, are the most commonly deployed single mode fibre in FTTH. It is designed to have a zero-dispersion wavelength near 1310 nm, therefore optimized for operation in the O-band. However, these fibres are not suitable for applications in WDM due to water peak. Some more advanced variants G.652.C and G.652.D fibres are optimized with a reduced water peak for spectrum operation, which allows them to be utilized in the wavelength region between 1310 and 1550 nm to support coarse wavelength division multiplexed (CWDM) transmission. Typically, class G 652 optical fibres combined with transceivers operating in 1310 nm transmission window give ideal performance for short-reach and access network applications where the transmission reach can be traded off with the splitting ratio to accommodate different users with varied traffic requirements to optimize network performance.