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Web Enabled Metering and Controls for Demand Response
Published in Barney L. Capehart, Lynne C. Capehart, Paul Allen, David Green, Web Based Enterprise Energy and Building Automation Systems, 2020
Rahul S. Walawalkar, Rahul Tongia, Bruce K. Colburn
EMS has increasingly become important as the need for more electricity demand control occurs. However, what was really sought was a simple means of tying end user electric equipment together cost-effectively, and allowing large amounts of information to be exchanged for energy control in real time, and not just information gathering for off line evaluation [13,20]. Technology has created a large variety of communications media for both getting information to the consumer or EMS, and then distributing the information and/or control signals across the end-user facilities. These include traditional broadband solutions like cable modem, DSL, and wireless (WiFi, Cellular, etc.), as well as broadband over power lines (BPL), optical fibers, and emerging solutions such as based on the ZigBee standard (wireless sensor networks). Except for those DR programs using generators, widespread adoption of load shedding would not be possible without use of the web and high-speed communications.
Broadband Wireless Networks: Deployment Status Worldwide
Published in Amitabh Kumar, Mobile Broadcasting with WiMAX: Principles, Technology, and Applications, 2014
The word broadband, when mentioned, usually gets associated with ADSL, FTTH, or cable-delivered internet. It is only recently that broadband has begun to imply a wireless mode of connectivity as well, and that, too, in relation to WiFi networks. Today’s broadband wireless networks have three manifestations: WLANs, mesh networks, or WiFi at home or public places based on 802.11a, b/gWireless MANs based on 802.16 including WiMAX systemsBroadband via cellular wireless networks, such as EV-DO or HSPA
Twenty-first century transport: SNG over IP
Published in Jonathan Higgins, Satellite Newsgathering, 2012
At the beginning of the chapter, we spoke of ‘servers’ and ‘clients’, and in this scenario, the local PC is the client and the remote destination web server is the host. It is described in this manner as the web server is giving information to the local PC – the web server is not getting any useful information from the PC apart from the simple page request – and is thus acting as a host for the information that the local PC – the client – requires. In fact, much of the common usage of the Internet is by this arrangement, and is why connections to the Internet are commonly asymmetric in nature – the ‘uplink’ connection, i.e. from the PC to the Internet, is much slower than the ‘downlink’ from the Internet to the PC. A common broadband connection might have downlink speed of 1 Mbps, but an uplink speed of perhaps only one-quarter, i.e. 256 kbps.
An investigation on adaptive HTTP media streaming Quality-of-Experience (QoE) and agility using cloud media services
Published in International Journal of Computers and Applications, 2021
Selvaraj Kesavan, E. Saravana Kumar, Abhishek Kumar, K. Vengatesan
In order to evaluate server client based adaptive HTTP streaming performance, we used the server located in US and client located in India. The Gstreamer based HLS, DASH and MSS Streaming players connect the streaming server and dynamically fetch the media contents. The different data representations used in experiment are listed in Figure 8. We used FFMPEG to generate various bit rates ranging from 50Kbps to 8000Kbps with resolutions from 176 × 144–1920 × 1080 using primary sunflower_080p.mp4 video. The generated media files are used as a source to the streaming engine for On-demand Streaming and it generates playlist and manifest files. We use fixed GOP and FPS parameter for each video output. We tested HLS, DASH and MSS adaptive on-demand HTTP streaming techniques using Gstreamer streaming player as shown in Figure 9. The bandwidth and delay between a server and client are controlled using ipfw/dummynet. The delay was set to 20 ms and the bandwidth follows real available bandwidth. The experimental setup uses the broadband connection with 4 Mbps as available bandwidth. However the measured bandwidth deviates from available bandwidth due to network overhead. We use wireshark at the client to monitor and collect the network statistics.
A Survey of National Disaster Communication Systems and Spectrum Allocation - an Indian Perspective
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2020
Shrayan Das, Kirtan Gopal Panda, Debarati Sen, Wasim Arif
The term 'Broadband' generally refers to high capacity transmission techniques that allow a greater amount of data to be transferred over a networked system than non-broadband connections. A typical broadband connectivity provides data rates in the order of several megabytes per second. Depending on the type of technology deployed, a single broadband network may have coverage varying from a few square meters up to several square kilometers, providing extensive spectrum reuse capabilities. Localized (1 sq.km or less) broadband PPDR systems are typically Wi-Fi or WLAN based and are capable of operating in open bands like 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz or on restricted bands like 4.4 GHz and 4.9 GHz, while, for broad area coverage, LTE bands of 2.6 GHz or 3.4 GHz–3.8 GHz may be used [15,24,25]. Higher data rates and varying coverage capabilities of broadband networks facilitate numerous new PPDR applications like setting up of tailored area networks and deploying hot-spot and Ad-Hoc networks.