China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Many Paths, One Journey: Pioneers of Cognitive Systems Engineering
Published in Philip J. Smith, Robert R. Hoffman, Cognitive Systems Engineering, 2018
Richard Pew (Figure 2.4) received his BS degree in electrical engineering at Cornell University in 1956, his MA in psychology at Harvard University in 1960, and his PhD in psychology at the University of Michigan in 1963. He served as president of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society in 1977–1978 and president of Division 21 (Engineering Psychology) of the American Psychological Association in 1985–1986. He received the Paul M. Fitts Award of the Human Factors Society for outstanding contributions to Human Factors Education in1980, the Franklin V. Taylor Award of Division 21 of the American Psychological Association for outstanding contributions to Engineering Psychology in 1981, the U.S. Air Force Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service in 1993, and the Arnold M. Small President’s Distinguished Service Award of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society in 1999.
Introduction to Aviation Psychology
Published in Pamela S. Tsang, Michael A. Vidulich, Principles and Practice of Aviation Psychology, 2002
Pamela S. Tsang, Michael A. Vidulich
In a review, Gopher and Kimchi (1989) considered the implications of the increasing pace of technological changes on the field of engineering psychology in general. The rapidly increasing power of microcomputers and their increasing incorporation within almost every type of human-machine system (especially aircraft) was seen to be a fundamental problem for engineering psychology. It was not seen to be cost effective to engage in long-term applied research for systems that would only last for short periods. As an analogy, Gopher and Kimchi likened the situation confronting engineering psychology researchers to a controller tracking an input function exceeding its point-to-point tracking capabilities. The best response of the controller is to give up attempting to react to every momentary deviation and to focus instead on: (a) tracking any higher order, slow-moving changes within the input function and (b) attempting to predict future inputs. Gopher and Kimchi translated this analogy to the domain of engineering psychology: …the analogy emphasizes the role of theoretical models in practical work. Only with such models can we generate principles and predict the future. If there existed only a limited set of slow-moving technologies, strict empirical approaches could suffice. (p. 432)
The process of certification – issues for new technologies
Published in Don Harris, Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics Volume Five, 2017
Karen P. Lane, Iain S. MacLeod
Man-Machine Systems (MMS) are increasingly entering service with performances less than, or different from, that required by their specification. In UK military systems procurement, this performance associated problem is strongly related to a gap between the contracted system requirements and the requirements related to the system’s Fitness for Purpose as determined by the elected Ministry of Defence (MoD) system acceptance authority. This gap can be argued to exist because of the poor application of ‘Soft’ sciences i.e. sciences such as Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, within system design and development processes.
Attention: Theory, Principles, Models and Applications
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2021
Engineering Psychology and theory-based human factors strive to derive applications to design and real-world human job performance that are anchored in theories of psychology and ergonomics. This connection between theory and applications is often mediated by two important components both of which will be a focus of this article: principles of design, that are useful and usable derivatives of theory, and models of human performance, cognition and ergonomics that are intended to actually compute human performance outcomes (accuracy, response times, workload). For example, such models make it possible to compute the predicted human performance benefits of design the principles are adhered to.