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High Speed Ground Transport: Overview of The Technologies
Published in Thomas Lynch, High Speed Rail in the U.S. Super Trains for the Millennium, 2020
TRANSRAPID, as being developed and tested by Magnetschnellbahn GmbH, is magnetically suspended by electromagnetic suspension (EMS) by means of the attractive force between vehicle-borne iron-cored electromagnets and ferromagnetic guideway components. This mode of suspension is inherently unstable and must be dynamically stabilized by active feedback control of the magnet excitation in response to changes in the gap. The suspension gap is 10-15 mm, i.e. an order of magnitude less than that for EDS, but is nearly speed independent. An EMS vehicle therefore does not need wheels. EMS technology has also been developed by HSST Corporation in Japan for intermediate and low speed applications, and has been implemented as a low speed shuttle for the Birmingham Airport People Mover in England.
Maglev Freight Conveyor Systems
Published in Petros A. Ioannou, Intelligent Freight Transportation, 2008
Maglev is not a new concept. After several years of development, the world’s first commercial urban Maglev and high-speed Maglev passenger lines have gone into service in Japan and China, respectively. Application of Maglev technology to a freight-only system is an innovative alternative to conventional road or rail infrastructure. The environmental and community constraints on expanding conventional means of container transport through the Los Angeles basin indicated as early as 2002 that a Maglev freight system had costs comparable to highway and rail for moving containers through urban areas.9 The referenced study involved an electromagnetic suspension (EMS) design by Transrapid, the German developer of the world’s first commercial Maglev system. Recent work at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory and General Atomics (GA) has shown that an electrodynamic suspension (EDS) Maglev also has significant potential benefits for transporting containers.
Homopolar Linear Synchronous Motors (H-LSM)
Published in Ion Boldea, Linear Electric Machines, Drives, and MAGLEVs Handbook, 2017
The dc coil(s) produces a homopolar, pulsating, airgap magnetic field, which is used for controlled electromagnetic suspension of the vehicle; its 2p pole fundamental ac component interacts with the 2p pole three-phase ac winding to produce propulsion (braking) force. Thus, H-LSM potentially provides integrated suspension and propulsion functions for the vehicle (MAGLEV) with a passive iron low-cost, variable-reluctance-solid-ferromagnetic-segmented track. The 10/1 or more ratio between levitation (attraction) and propulsive force can “cover” entirely the vehicle suspension for an acceleration of about 1 m/s2, if the H-LSM primary weighs up to 10% of vehicle weight.
Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy-Based CNF Control Approach Considering a Class of Constrained Nonlinear Systems
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2019
H. Ebrahimi Mollabashi, A. H. Mazinan, H. Hamidi
Example 4 (electromagnetic suspension (EMS)): EMS technology is widely used in various applications including frictionless bearings, ultra precision motion platforms, and high-speed magnetic levitation (MAGLEV) trains. In this example, a nonlinear dynamic of the EMS MAGLEV train shown in Figure 10 and the equivalent T-S fuzzy system are considered. The model of EMS maglev train comprises a rail, DC control coils, and a U-shaped iron core. The DC control coils are used to keep the position of suspension air gap stable. The dynamic of EMS system based on Newton's law and Kirchhoff's law is described by Vafamand et al. [31]. EMS parameters are defined as follows:
Least-current maneuver sequence for electromagnetic suspension control subjected to large perturbation found by direct collocation
Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2022
Jyun-Jye Felipe Chen, Xiangdong Lu
Electromagnetic suspension (E.M.S.) technology has been widely used in levitating ferromagnetic objects by magnetic force, e.g. maglev trains and frictionless bearings (Yaghoubi 2013). The air gaps of these two applications are relatively small between the moving parts. Some applications, like high-temperature material levitation, may require the magnetic force to accomplish a considerably large displacement in order to insert or retrieve the material from the testing chamber without using crucibles.