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The Physical Environment and the Physiology of Flight
Published in Harry W. Orlady, Linda M. Orlady, John K. Lauber, Human Factors in Multi-Crew Flight Operations, 2017
Harry W. Orlady, Linda M. Orlady, John K. Lauber
Most people believe that stereo vision is the most important depth cue. The stereo cue results from the fact that we normally have two eyes sensing the same object. The retinal images formed by the two eyes are not focused precisely on the same part of the retinal mosaic and, while there is no doubt that this information provides very valuable knowledge, there is great uncertainty about just how the brain processes this data. Despite the acknowledged value of stereo vision in depth perception, there is no longer any question that people with only one eye (monocular vision) also are able to function effectively in tasks that require a high degree of depth perception. Wiley Post, a pioneer US high-altitude pilot and the first man to fly around the world alone, was an outstanding example for he had only one good eye. He wore a patch over the other.
User experience in VR systems
Published in Jennifer Whyte, Dragana Nikolić, Virtual Reality and the Built Environment, 2018
Jennifer Whyte, Dragana Nikolić
Unconstrained movement through a VR environment, depth perception (stereopsis) and peripheral vision may also support a VR experience. Furthermore, VR experiences generally attempt to follow the logic of the physical world. As a result, users can typically navigate freely through virtual environments and decide what to interact with and observe. In addition, stereoscopic views and a greater field of vision within the environment are among a range of techniques that VR designers use to provide the illusion of an unmediated spatial experience. Rather than manipulating a 3D representation or virtual model, in an immersive experience, a user should feel as if they are within the reality that is represented.
Perception of Objects in the World
Published in Robert W. Proctor, Van Zandt Trisha, Human Factors in Simple and Complex Systems, 2018
Robert W. Proctor, Van Zandt Trisha
The cues for binocular depth perception arise from binocular disparity: each eye receives a slightly different image of the world because of the eyes’ different locations. The two images are merged through the process of fusion. When you fixate on an object, the image from the fixated area falls on the fovea of each eye. An imagi nary, curved plane (like the wall of a cylinder) can be drawn through the fixated object, and the images from any objects located on this plane will fall at the same locations on each retina. This curved plane is called the horopter (see Figure 6.18). Objects in front of or behind the horopter will have retinal images that fall on different points in the two retinas.
The Effect of Interactive Cues on the Perception of Angiographic Volumes in Virtual Reality
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2021
Andrey Titov, Marta Kersten-Oertel, Simon Drouin
With the recent advancements in VR hardware and controllers, new human-computer interaction paradigms have become possible. Modern VR headsets allow for binocular disparity (slight differences between the right and left eye images that allow an observer to see 3D) and motion parallax (a change in position of an object caused by the movement of an observer), which provide strong cues for depth perception (Vienne et al. 2020). A recent study by Heinrich et al. showed that VR significantly improves perception of depth order with angiographic data (2021). Additionally, efforts are being made to develop varifocal VR displays to improve depth perception even further (Toulouse et al. 2019). Moreover, the input devices that can be used in VR such as handheld controllers or hand tracking devices allow more natural gestures and significantly more degrees of freedom (Laha and Bowman 2013; Laha et al. 2016) enabling more intuitive and natural exploration of 3D datasets.
Effects of colour and chromatic light on depth perception
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2020
Deniz Atlı, Nilgün Olguntürk, Rengin Aslanoğlu, Dragan Sekulovski, Pieter Seuntiens
Understanding the interaction between surface colours and illumination chromaticity enables effective use of space in the built environment; especially in interior architecture, lighting and stage design. As all human with normal visual abilities identifies their environments as three-dimensional layouts, they always estimate it with free space perception; there are two potential sources of information that affect it: luminance contrast and colour contrast (1). Space perception, in other words, depth perception, is the ability to estimate the three-dimensional layout of our environment with both eyes (stereopsis) from the arrangement of individual objects, their location and size. In that context, many studies focus on the perception of distance as the central problem of space perception. In this distance estimation, the human visual system uses a number of physical attributes, or cues, from the environment (2,3).
Depth perception, dark adaptation, vigilance and accident proneness of Chinese coal mine workers
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2018
Mingming Deng, Alan H. S. Chan, Feng Wu, Linyan Sun
Depth perception is the ability to determine relative and absolute distances within a visual scene.[8] A person with weak depth perception ability will have weak spatial and stereo perception. Depth perception ability is of great importance for the completion of many types of tasks, especially in low-illumination environments,[9,10] and has been shown to affect work, e.g. in the manufacturing and health industries [11] and material handling tasks.[12] Guo et al. [13] tested the depth perception ability of 248 truck drivers and found that drivers with weaker depth perception ability were prone to be involved in traffic accidents. An et al. [14] tested 134 miners and showed that the performance of miners with poor spatial perception and thus poor depth perception was less safe than that of others with better spatial perception.