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Aperture and Phased Array Antennas
Published in Habibur Rahman, Fundamental Principles of Radar, 2019
Conformal antenna arrays were developed in the 1980s by integrating them onto the curving skin of military aircraft to reduce aerodynamic drag, replacing conventional antenna designs that project from the aircraft surface.5 Military aircrafts and missiles are the largest application of conformal antennas, but they are also used in some civilian aircrafts, military ships, and land vehicles. As the cost of the required processing technology comes down, they are being considered for civilian applications such as train antennas, car radio antennas, and cellular base station antennas, to save space and also to make the antenna less visually intrusive by integrating it into existing objects. As such, conformal arrays are used for flush-mounted airborne radar antennas, and air traffic control interrogation antennas.
A Design of Bandwidth-Enhanced Conformal Antenna for Aircraft Applications
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
In this section, a different parametric analysis is carried out to understand the impact of each parameter on antenna performance. The conventional microstrip rectangular patch exhibits a single resonance with a bandwidth of ∼150 MHz (∼3% of 5.2 GHz). There are different ways to improve the bandwidth. Increasing the thickness of the substrate. In conformal antenna the choice of thickness is limited as the substrate has to conform to the body of aircraft.Reducing the Q by introducing “Defected Ground Structure” (DGS). DGS is not the right choice for aircraft application as the body of aircraft is made of Aluminium or Carbon fibre composites.Creating multiple resonant points. These techniques help in attaining multiple resonance points successively and increases the bandwidth. These multiple resonant points are achieved by structurally modifying the patch, adding a slot, adding parasitic structures in the vicinity of the rectangular patch.
Design and development of T-Shaped antenna structure for wireless communication
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
Figure 7 depicts the modeled and observed radiation patterns in both primary planes of the proposed 4G LTE antenna. In the anechoic chamber, the measured findings were obtained. The omnidirectional radiation pattern is achieved by the conformal antenna, as can be seen in Figure 7. The low absorptive of oblique incidence in the anechoic chamber explains the differences between the simulated and observed findings shown in Table 3. Both planes’ measured cross-polarization radiation patterns are lower than the co-polarization radiation pattern, indicating that the antenna is strongly linearly polarized.
Antenna Array Pattern Synthesis Using Metaheuristic Algorithms: A Review
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2023
Conformal antenna array is a special form of antenna array where antenna elements conform or follows some prescribed shape, generally curved surfaces. This configuration finds potential application in several fields such as communication, radar, unmanned aerial vehicles, and remote sensing mainly because of their good aerodynamic performance. Figure 4 shows the geometrical configuration of conformal antenna array where elements are placed over a conical surface.