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Sources of Radio Frequency Radiation
Published in Riadh W. Y. Habash, Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation, 2018
The basic structure of the cellular network includes telephone systems and radio services. Where mobile radio operates in a closed network and has no access to the telephone system, cellular system allows interconnection to the telephone network. Figure 6-14 shows a typical topology for the cellular system. The main parts of the cellular system are radio link, switching system, database, processing center, and external network. The mobile connection of the cellular subscriber and fixed network is realized with radio links. The mobile station (MS) is usually a small handset. It corresponds with the base transceiver station (BTS). Each cell site has a BTS with a transceiver and antenna system.
Wireless Location Technology in Location-Based Services
Published in Syed Ijlal Ali Shah, Mohammad Ilyas, Hussein T. Mouftah, Pervasive Communications Handbook, 2017
A cellular network is a wireless network composed of several cells, each made up of at least one transceiver of fixed-location called a cell site or BS. In order to provide radio coverage over an area that is wider than that of one cell, these cells cover different areas, in which case, a variable number of terminal in motion can be used in any cell as well as moved from one cell to another during transmission.
Data Leakage in Mobile Malware: The What, the Why, and the How
Published in Georgios Kambourakis, Asaf Shabtai, Constantinos Kolias, Dimitrios Damopoulos, Intrusion Detection and Prevention for Mobile Ecosystems, 2017
Corrado Aaron Visaggio, Gerardo Canfora, Luigi Gentile, Francesco Mercaldo
We explain in the following the kind of information retrieved by the involved methods: getDeviceId: It returns the unique device ID, for example, the IMEI for GSM and the MEID or ESN for CDMA phones.getLongitude: Gets the longitude, in degrees.getLatitude: Gets the latitude, in degrees.getCountry: It returns the country/region code for this locale, which should be an empty string.getLastKnownLocation: It returns a location indicating the data from the last known location fix obtained from the given provider.getSubscriberId: It returns the unique subscriber ID, for example, the IMSI for a GSM phone.getSimSerialNumber: It returns the serial number of the SIM, if applicable.getInstalledPackages: It returns a list of all the packages that are installed on the device.getInstalledApplications: It returns a list of all the application packages that are installed on the device.getLine1Number: It returns the phone number string for line 1, for example, the MSISDN for a GSM phone.getCid: This method returns the cell tower location. The cell site or cell tower is a cellular telephone site where antennae and electronic communications equipment are placed, usually on a radio mast, tower, or other high place, to create a cell (or adjacent cells) in a cellular network.getLac: It returns the location area code (LAC). The served area of a cellular radio network is usually divided into location areas. Location areas comprise of one or several radio cells. Each location area is given a unique number within the network, that is, the LAC. This code is used as a unique reference for the location of a mobile subscriber. This code is necessary to address the subscriber in the case of an incoming call.
NomadicBTS: Evolving cellular communication networks with software-defined radio architecture and open-source technologies
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2018
Emmanuel Adetiba, Victor O. Matthews, Samuel N. John, Segun I. Popoola, Abdultaofeek Abayomi
where Rc is the cell radius, r is the distance from the test mobile phone to the prototype cell site, and dBm represents the measured signal strength at r. Using the signal strength at approximately 30 cm from the prototype cell, which is −57 dBm, we have