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Electronic Circuits
Published in Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Electricity and Electronics Fundamentals, 2020
Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo
The common-source amplifier is the most widely used FET circuit configuration. This circuit is similar in many respects to the common-emitter bipolar amplifier. The input signal is applied to the gate-source and the output signal is taken from the drain-source. The source lead is common to both input and output.
C
Published in Philip A. Laplante, Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering, 2018
common source amplifier common source amplifier a single-transistor FET amplifier in which the input signal is applied to the gate terminal, the output is taken from the drain terminal, and the source terminal is connected to a constant voltage. common-channel interoffice signaling the use of a special network, dedicated to signaling, to establish a path through a communication network, which is dedicated to the transfer of user information. common-mode coupling pick-up from an electromagnetic field that induces a change in potential on both signal leads of equal magnitude and phase relative to the ground reference potential. communication link a point-to-point communication system that typically involves a single information source and a single user. This is in contrast to a communications network, which usually involves many sources and many users. communication theory. theory See information commutation the process by which alternating current in the rotating coil of a DC machine is converted to unidirectional current. Commutation is accomplished via a set of stationary electrical contacts (brushes) sliding over multiple, shaftmounted electrical contacts that turn with the machine rotor. The contacts are the connection points in a series-connected loop of the coils that make up the rotor winding. The brushes, sliding over these contacts, continually divide the loop into two parallel electrical paths between the brushes. The brushes are positioned such that they make contact with those commutator segments that are connected to coils that are moving through a magnetic neutral point between poles of the machine's field flux. As a result, all coils making up one parallel path are always moving under a north magnetic pole, and the others are always moving under a south magnetic pole. The movement of the commutator contacts underneath the brushes automatically switches a coil from one path to the other as it moves from a north pole region to a south pole region. Since the coils in both paths move in the same direction, but through opposite flux regions, the voltages induced in the two paths are opposite. Consequently, the positive and negative ends of each path occur at the same points in the series loop, which are at the points where the brushes contact the commutator. The brush positions, thus, represent a unidirectional (or DC) connection to the rotating coil. See also commutator. commutation angle time in electrical degrees from the start to the completion of the commutation process. Also called overlap angle. commutativity a property of an operation; an operation is commutative if the result of the operation is not affected by any reordering of the operands of the operation. Additions and multiplication are commutative, whereas subtraction and division are not. commutator a cylindrical assembly of copper segments, insulated from each other, that make
Design of high gain and high bandwidth operational transconductance amplifier (OTA)
Published in International Journal of Electronics, 2022
Shikha Soni, Vandana Niranjan, Ashwni Kumar
Furthermore, the current reference circuits are amongst one of the most significant building blocks in analog circuit designs. These circuits are accountable in order to determine and evaluate the biasing conditions with the intention of designing a variety of building blocks. Various works are proposed in order to generate the reference current in De Vita & Iannaccone, 2007; Yoo & Park, 2007. However, self biased current schemes or β-multiplier schemes are more preferable owing to their relative ease of system on chip (SoC) implementations (Chouhan & Halonen, 2016; Osipov & Paul, 2017). Additionally, the cascode (series combination of common source and common gate topology) amplifier is extensively used in order to achieve high transconductance and superior gain for designed operational amplifier. Moreover, the folded cascode scheme is an enhanced version of normal cascode topology enabling low-power application with superior gain bandwidth.
A New Wide-band Low-voltage Low-noise Amplifier with Gain Boosted and Noise Optimized Techniques
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2021
The several kinds of popular amplifiers have wide-band matching capability for source impedance, such as the resistor-terminated common-source amplifier [9], source-inductive degeneration amplifier [10,11], common-gate amplifier [12–14], and resistive-shunt feedback amplifier [10,15]. Almost all the published wide-band matching LNAs are based on one of these configurations. However, the resistor-terminated common-source amplifier has poor noise figure performance, the source-inductive degeneration amplifier has poor gain flatness performance, and the common-gate amplifier has small gain performance due to its low trans-conductance characteristic. Thus, the resistive-shunt feedback amplifier is the most popular technique in a wideband LNA design. The resistive-shunt feedback technique exhibits good wide-band input matching and gain flatness performance, but it must make a trade-off between high gain and wide bandwidth.
Inductor-less PVT robust gain switching balun LNA for multistandard applications
Published in International Journal of Electronics, 2019
Vasudeva Reddy K, Prashantha Kumar H
Many inductor-less wide-band techniques have been proposed for multistandard applications. Most of the designs are either single-ended (De Souza, Mariano, & Taris, 2017; Slimane et al., 2014; Yu, Yang, & Chen, 2010) or fully differential (Geddada, Fu, Silva-Martinez, & Taylor, 2014; Pan, Qin, Ye, & Wang, 2017; Sobhy, Helmy, Hoyos, Entesari, & Snchez-Sinencio, 2011) with inevitable balun. The additional balun inherently leads to gain and phase imbalance at the differential output. Some fussy designs on inductor-less single to differential (SD) LNA are reported in Im, Nam, Choi, Kim and Lee (2010); Kim and Silva-Martinez (2012); and Wang, Zhang and Yu (2010). The LNA proposed in Wang et al. (2010) is based on common gate-common source (CG-CS) technique, in which common source (CS) stage is replaced with a complementary current re-use CS amplifier. Similarly, the LNA reported in Kim and Silva-Martinez (2012) uses a local feedback to enhance the of CG stage. Nevertheless, both the designs provide good gain and linearity, but the gain and phase imbalance and additional noise from cascode transistor are bottlenecks.