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Advances in Packet Optical Transport in Optical Networking and Broadband Transmission
Published in Shyamal Bhadra, Ajoy Ghatak, Guided Wave Optics and Photonic Devices, 2017
To summarize, data services will continue to grow in the next decade. New applications will emerge, which will demand faster connections, lower latency and service-level agreement (SLA) guarantees. It will change the way we communicate today and the way we build our telecom networks. While the amount of data traffic will increase exponentially, the revenues will not grow at the same pace. While all these pose challenges to telecom service providers, new technologies are coming to their rescue. Carrier Ethernet provides transport features in a packet-switched network, thereby providing the best of both worlds – TDM and data. The OTN provides large pipes for the wholesale transport of data over large networks. DWDM provides higher-speed connections and the ability to manage bandwidth at the optical layer and the POTP puts all these developments in one hardware platform to provide a single-box transport solution for the future.
Networking Basics for A/V
Published in Al Kovalick, Video Systems in an IT Environment, 2013
The Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) has defined the following two standardized service types for Carrier Ethernet: E-LAN: This multipoint-to-multipoint transparent LAN service offers switched connectivity between nodes in a layer 2 Carrier Ethernet network. Figure 6.21 shows an example. E-Line: This is a virtual private line between two end points. There is no switching, and each line is statically provisioned.
Metro Ethernet
Published in Vikas Kumar Jha, Bishwajeet Pandey, Ciro Rodriguez Rodriguez, Network Evolution and Applications, 2023
Vikas Kumar Jha, Bishwajeet Pandey, Ciro Rodriguez Rodriguez
An E-Line is one of the important and popular Carrier Ethernet service type that has been defined by the MEF. This technology is used for connecting exactly 2 UNIs, such that both UNIs can only communicate with one another. And therefore, an E-Line service is a Layer 2 communication technology that can provide dedicated P2P communication service. It provides P2P EVC pipe between two connecting UNIs at opposite ends and is used for Ethernet P2P connectivity between them.
METAhaul framework of HPON for smart city access networks
Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2020
Kuo-Chang Feng, San-Liang Lee, Ching-Sheu Wang
Fixed and mobile network operators strive to accommodate the rapid explosion of fixed and mobile data, with network efficiency and densification measures, by adding transport networks to accommodate RAN evolution in heterogeneous network (HetNet) architecture (Mubarak, Esmaiel, and Mohamed 2018). The centralized baseband pool using the Radio over Fiber (RoF) scheme as mobile fronthaul (MFH) could be a feasible solution that supports wireline/wireless convergence on the physical layer, which shares fiber fronthaul links with fiber-to-the-x (FTTx) services (Yoshida 2018). The Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Passive Optical Network (PON) is currently a strong competitor against the legacy Optical Transport Network (OTN) and Carrier Ethernet (CE) to construct the 5G transport network. It plays an essential role in successful 5G new radio (NR) deployments because of its point-to-multipoint (p2mp) topology for efficient use of fiber resources and its wide deployment around the world for fixed access services (ITU-T 2018). As the network capacity requirements increase along with the need for more flexibility and reconfigurability, Wavelength Division Multiplexing PON (WDM-PON) may be included. Therefore, a robust Hybrid PON (HPON) solution is needed to meet the above demands.
Identifying behavioural changes for health monitoring applications using the advanced metering infrastructure
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2019
Carl Chalmers, William Hurst, Michael Mackay, Paul Fergus
The Wide Area Network (WAN) communicates between the HAN and the utility companies. The WAN is responsible for sending smart meter data to the utility companies and other grid stakeholders using a robust backhaul network, such as Carrier Ethernet, GSM, CDMA or 3G. The geographical location of the smart meter may dictate they type of WAN technologies implemented, due to the constraints of certain communication technologies.