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Sensor Networking Software and Architectures
Published in John R. Vacca, Handbook of Sensor Networking, 2015
HAA employs three sublayers, hardware presentation layer (HPL), hardware adaptation layer (HAL), and hardware interface layer (HIL). HPL is right on top of the hardware to represent the full functional capacity of the hardware. It is hardware dependent but hides the most hardware-dependent codes in order to develop a higher-level abstraction. The middle layer of HAA is HAL. HAL is built on top of HPL to build useful abstractions. In contrast to HPL, it has two key characteristics: one is that state is allowed to be maintained in this layer for performing arbitration and resource control, and the other is that hardware-specific applications can be built, as illustrated in Figure 2.12. On the other hand, the top layer HIL is doing the opposite job. It will convert the hardware-specific abstractions provided by HAL to hardware independent for cross-platform applications.
Case Study
Published in James Aweya, Designing Switch/Routers, 2023
To support the portability of FTOS across multiple platforms, Force10 implemented a hardware abstraction layer (HAL) code in FTOS as illustrated in Figures 4.10 and 4.11 [FOR10HAL08]. The HAL is an abstraction layer, implemented in software that decouples the kernel of an operating system from the specific details of the underlying hardware. It hides differences in the underlying hardware from the operating system kernel, so that most of the kernel-mode code does not need to be rewritten to run on systems with different hardware.
Integration for Complex Consumer Robotic Systems: Case Studies and Analysis
Published in Shuzhi Sam Ge, Frank L. Lewis, Autonomous Mobile Robots, 2018
Mario E. Munich, James P. Ostrowski, Paolo Pirjanian
Portability and platform independence. The HAL is the interface between robotic applications and the underlying hardware. HAL software controls the robot’s interactions with the physical world and even with low-level OS dependencies. As such, it plays a critical role in the integration of the hardware and software components in the system. The use of a HAL has proven to be a boon to our integration efforts, particularly in porting modules across different robot platforms and OSs.
Nozzle zone agglomeration in spray dryers: Process dependency of the fines mass flow and its importance for agglomerate formation
Published in Drying Technology, 2023
Jakob Alfons Fröhlich, Maren Spiess, Jörg Hinrichs, Reinhard Kohlus
The maximum absorption of the colorant was determined at 507 nm whereby an AvaLight-HAL Tungsten Halogen Light Source (Avantes BV, Apeldoorn, Netherlands) and an AvaSpec-ULS2048 UV/Vis spectrometer with AvaSoft 8.11 Basic Software was used as detector. Integration time was set to 1.05 ms and signal averaging with 100 scans was performed to reduce measurement noise. Measured absorption signals were correlated to powder mass using a calibration curve from After cooling, the particle-free air was fed to the air flow meter (Mass-View, Bronkhorst High-Tech B.V., Ruurlo, Netherlands) which ensured the isokinetic extraction velocity. The air flow was extracted by means of a liquid ring pump. The measuring time per measuring point in steady-state operation was at least 10 minutes. In another study[19] the identical measuring system was used for residence time measurements in spray dryers, whereby a response time of the measurement set-up of approx. 10 s was determined. This is thus sufficiently small compared to the measurement duration.
Performance evaluation of windows virtual machines on a Linux host
Published in Automatika, 2020
Josip Balen, Krešimir Vdovjak, Goran Martinović
Virtualization layer or platform maps requests from a virtual machine to physical requests and supports virtual environments with software approaches. Virtual environment can be provided with several different methods and at several different levels of abstractions [3]. Those levels are Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL), operating system and user level. ISA-level virtualization emulates another architecture by translating from one ISA to another, sometimes by rewriting instructions. Virtualization at HAL-level exploits the similarity in architectures between the virtual and host machines and use the native hardware to executes certain instructions without emulation. HAL-level virtualization used in experiments is hown in Figure 1.
Robotic additive manufacturing (RAM) with clay using topology optimization principles for toolpath planning: the example of a building element
Published in Architectural Science Review, 2020
Odysseas Kontovourkis, George Tryfonos, Christos Georgiou
The robotic execution is based on the application framework established in previous work done by authors (Kontovourkis and Tryfonos 2018), which describes a complete workflow from design to production based on the robotic control software HAL.25 In the current investigation, the TACO ABB26 plug-in for Grasshopper is used for robotic control. The RAM process is based on the information derived from toolpath generation and it is described in more details below: Robotic calibration