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Internet Layer
Published in Mário Marques da Silva, Cable and Wireless Networks, 2018
Distance vector routing protocols compute the distance to each destination node within an AS (for IGP-type protocols) or in remote ASs (for EGP-type protocols) based on a metric. The used metric* can be the number of hops, the bandwidth, the traffic, the delay, and so on. Some distance vector protocols make use of a combination of several of these elementary metrics. The path selection to a network is based on the shortest distance. The computation of the shortest distance (best path) to a network using a distance vector protocol is typically performed using the Bellman–Ford algorithm,† which is as follows: Set the cost for itself as 0, and a certain value for adjacent nodes (1 when the metric is the number of hops).The preliminary routing table is sent to adjacent nodes with this cost information.Each adjacent node saves the most recent received routing information and uses this information to compute its own routing table by adding its cost/metric information to those included in the received routing table. Then, the lowest distance to each destination network is the one included in the new routing table. Finally, the node resends this new routing table to other neighbors (neighbors of neighbors).
A Survey on Packet Switching Networks
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Routing protocols have two different types: static and dynamic. In the static routing protocol, the routing table is not prepared automatically; instead, the network administrator prepares it, and whenever any change is required in the routing table, the network administrator updates it. The static routing protocol is divided into four types; standard static, default static, summary static, and floating static. The dynamic routing protocol automatically configures the routing table. The network administrator does not need to update or maintain the routing table. The dynamic routing protocol has further two categories of technologies/protocols; Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) and Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP). The IGP has further two types that are distance vector routing protocol and link-state routing protocol. These two categories of routing protocols have further different types, see figure 6. In comparison, the EGP has only one further type that is a path-vector routing protocol. Furthermore, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a path-vector routing protocol, see figure 6.