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Venturi Scrubbers
Published in Kenneth Schifftner, Air Pollution Control Equipment Selection Guide, 2021
Venturi scrubbers are wet scrubbers that use a change in gas velocity to shear liquid streams (usually water) into tiny target droplets into which particulate and soluble gases are transferred. They are considered as a workhorse of the available air pollution control technologies given their low capital cost, reliability, and effectiveness on a variety of applications. They tend to use more energy than alternative designs, particularly on applications treating over 50,000 acfm of gases. Venturi scrubbers are used where the collected product can be handled wet. They are often used on processes, such as calciners and dryers, wherein the blowdown from the scrubber can be returned to a wet portion of the process. They can also handle the heavy-dust loadings, which can occur from these sources. Venturi scrubbers can ingest dust loadings of over 30 grs/dscf (grains per dry standard cubic foot) if designed correctly. Figure 19.1 shows a rectangular throat Venturi scrubber, a workhorse of the wet scrubbing industry.
Control of Particulate Emissions
Published in Jeff Kuo, Air Pollution Control Engineering for Environmental Engineers, 2018
The Venturi scrubber is an example of a high-energy wet scrubber. It accelerates the gas stream to atomize the scrubbing liquid to enhance the gasliquid contact. The fixed-throat Venturi scrubber (Figure 6.34) is one of the most common designs. The gas stream entering the converging section of the Venturi is accelerated to a velocity between 200 to 600 ft/s (60 to 180 m/s) at the inlet of the throat. The liquid is injected into the throat and becomes atomized into fine droplets. The size of the droplets depends on the throat gas velocity and the liquid-to-gas ratio; and typical mean size is 50 to 75 microns. The effectiveness of a Venturi scrubber depends on the relative velocity between the gas stream and the liquid droplets in the throat. They have the capability to remove sub-micron particles.
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Published in William S. Rickman, CRC Handbook of Incineration of Hazardous Wastes, 2017
Venturi scrubbers involve the injection of a scrubbing liquid (usually water or a water/caustic solution) into the exhaust gas stream as it passes through a high velocity constriction, or throat. The liquid is atomized into fine droplets which entrain fine particles and a portion of the absorbable gases in the gas stream. The major advantage of Venturi scrubbers is their reliability and relative simplicity of operation. On the other hand, maintaining the significant pressure drop across the Venturi throat (60 to 120 in. of water column) required for hazardous waste combustion particular matter control represents a significant percentage of the total cost of operation of incineration facilities employing Venturi scrubbing.
Visualized measurement of extremely high-speed droplets in Venturi scrubber
Published in Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 2019
Naoki Horiguchi, Hiroyuki Yoshida, Yutaka Abe
A Venturi scrubber is a Venturi pipe with small holes in the throat part. Surrounding liquid is sucked in through these small holes, and small droplets are generated (atomization) in the throat part [6] owing to velocity differences between the gas and the liquid in question. This droplet generation mechanism owing to the velocity difference is the almost same as that of the spray nozzles used in the experiments to develop Equation (5). Therefore, this equation is often used to evaluate droplet diameter generated in Venturi scrubbers [2,3,6].