China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Environmental Management System
Published in Surjya Narayana Pati, Life Cycle Assessment, 2022
EMS represents the organizational structure, responsibilities, sequences, processes, and preconditions for the implementation of an environmental corporate policy. The basic functions of good environmental management are goal setting; information management; support of decision-making, organizing and planning of environmental management, environmental management programs, piloting, implementation and control, communication, internal and external auditing, and so forth. To control and properly manage pollutants, various governments have developed environmental regulations that organizations must comply with or face penalties, fines, and liability. Facilities often respond to these regulations and problems with successful solutions designed to meet the latest regulations but rarely coordinate their environmental activities into an overall management system. Environmental issues are becoming more complex, and the cost of waste management continues to rise.
Heavy Metal Remediation through Nanoparticles
Published in Ram Naresh Bharagava, Sandhya Mishra, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh Saratale, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Bioremediation, 2022
Ankita Chatterjee, Jayanthi Abraham
A pollutant is any substance which causes hazardous or undesirable effects in the environment, thereby causing an imbalance in the natural ecosystem. As described by Hill in 2020, a pollutant can be defined as ‘a chemical out of place’ (Hill 2020). The primary causes of environmental pollution are large-scale eradication of nature replaced by industrialization (Singh and Prasad 2015). Pollution caused by heavy metals has slowly increased with time and is considered as one of the chief environmental concerns across the globe. Contrary to several organic pollutants, heavy metals cannot be decomposed or degraded by natural processes. It has been reported that 99% of the heavy metals that are released into the aquatic environment reach the rivers and are trapped in the sediments. Apart from residing in sediments, heavy metals also exist in different forms in nature, such as colloids, water-soluble forms and suspended forms. The toxicity of heavy metals that enter the food chain affects human beings and other life forms. Common toxic heavy metals found in the environment are mercury, chromium, cadmium, lead, arsenic and certain radioactive metals. The heavy metals might mimic an important element in the human body and thus disturb the metabolism of the human body (Baby et al. 2019).
The role of Cairo metro in saving the social costs of air pollution
Published in Daniele Peila, Giulia Viggiani, Tarcisio Celestino, Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 2020
The main air pollutants are; particulate matter (Pm), sulfur dioxide (SO2) nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and Ozone. Unfortunately, there is little quantitative dose-response information linking CO exposure to a meaningful health endpoint. CO dissipates rapidly in the environment, because of these shortcomings, there are no quantitative estimates of the effects of CO are provided. The precise association between the production of CO2 and global warming is unknown and the relationship between global warming and subsequent health outcomes are unclear. However, there is little information about the impact these changes on health outcomes.
Computational analysis of ternary nanofluid flow in a microchannel with nonuniform heat source/sink and waste discharge concentration
Published in Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2023
J. K. Madhukesh, Ioannis E. Sarris, Vinutha K, B. C. Prasannakumara, Amal Abdulrahman
Figure 6a, b shows the variation of external source of pollutant variation constraint and local pollutant external source constraint on concentration profiles for both hybrid and ternary nanofluid. The rise in both the parameter will improve the concentration. Further, it is observed from the figure that in the presence of these two parameters, hybrid nanofluid exhibit more concentration than ternary nanofluid. The external source of pollutant variation constraint and local pollutant external source parameter signify the magnitude of external sources of pollutants that affect the flow system. The rise in these two constraints will represent that, more pollutants will be added to the fluid system. Environmental engineers and researchers may optimize pollution control tactics, develop effective remediation systems, and limit the consequences of pollutants in many real-world scenarios by evaluating and controlling these restrictions, resulting in an environment that is healthier and cleaner.
Built environment transformation in Nigeria: the effects of a regenerative framework
Published in Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 2023
Oluwagbemiga Paul Agboola, Badr Saad Alotaibi, Yakubu Aminu Dodo, Mohammed Awad Abuhussain, Maher Abuhussain
Three key variables are responsible for environmental concerns and climate change: (i) periodic variations in climatic parameters, (ii) human activities responsible for environmental degradation and deterioration, and (iii) environmental issues and climate change in areas and regions around the world that are resulting from regular variations in climatic parameters, such as rainfall, temperature, wind pattern, and humidity. Environmental challenges and climate change have resulted in continuous increases in air temperature, melting glaciers, sea-level rise, flooding, depletion, pandemic outbreaks, and desert emergence, all of which are the result of changes in climatic elements. The impacts of one or a combination of the above elements on the ecosystem’s environmental balance are enormous. This assertion was supported by NEST (2003) and Zhang et al. (2019) – that sea-level rise, weather, hurricanes, and increasingly severe droughts are some of the ways that climate change has impacted our cities (Beyioku 2016). Environmental degradation is a function of the concentration of contaminants and radioactive chemicals in the environment. The quantity of pollutants available in a given space determines the environment’s equilibrium and climate change. An increase or decrease in harmful pollutants in the ecosystem has negative consequences for a location’s environmental issues.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of NO2, PM2.5 and O3 in a coastal region of southeastern China and their removal by green spaces
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2022
Longyan Cai, Mazhan Zhuang, Yin Ren
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5, aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm) and ground-level ozone (O3) are major ambient air pollutants around the world. Exposure to such pollutants can adversely affect human health, resulting in such ailments as respiratory and cardiopulmonary morbidity, and cancer (Lippmann 1989; Kampa and Castanas 2008; Fann and Risley 2013; Kermani et al. 2015; Deng et al. 2016; Garcia et al. 2016; Kloog 2016; Conibear et al. 2018; Kim et al. 2019; Pothirat et al. 2019; Tsai et al. 2019). Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of NO2, PM2.5 and O3 concentrations is therefore of great importance when striving to take action to tackle air pollution for a specific site, with the aim of reducing the health risks associated with such pollution.