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Human Factors at the Interface Between Road and Rail Systems
Published in Gavriel Salvendy, Advances in Human Aspects of Road and Rail Transportation, 2012
Christian Wullems, Narelle Haworth & Andry Rakotonirainy
Figure 1 illustrates a hierarchy of controls for managing traffic conflicts at an intersection. Two methods of traffic conflict management have been identified in the hierarchy: spatial separation and time separation. Spatial separation requires that flows of traffic be physically separated, whereas time separation requires that an intersection with multiple flows of traffic is time-shared, such that flows of traffic are separated into stages of non-conflicting phases. Time-sharing can be facilitated by signals or rules of precedence.
Road Traffic Control
Published in Dušan Teodorović, The Routledge Handbook of Transportation, 2015
Some recent studies101–104 also advocate the use of traffic conflict as a surrogate measure for traffic safety in microsimulation packages. Gettman and Head105 provided a detailed use-case analysis for using traffic conflict as a surrogate measure for safety in a simulation package. The author of this chapter conducted several research projects on dilemma zone definition, quantification, and design as well.106–110
Evaluating how right-turn treatments affect right-turn-on-red conflicts at signalized intersections
Published in Journal of Transportation Safety & Security, 2020
Yanyong Guo, Pan Liu, Yao Wu, Jingxu Chen
Previous studies have showed the safety benefits of right-turn treatment in reducing traffic collisions (Ale et al., 2014; Dixon, Hibbard, & Nyman, 1999; Harwood et al, 2002; Yang, 2008; McCoy & Bonneson, 1996). However, most of the studies focused on only one element of the right-turn treatment, such as channelized island (Dixon et al., 1999), and right-turn lanes (Harwood et al., 2002). Studies are in limited capacity to explore the safety impact of various types of right-turn treatments with different design characters. Traffic conflict techniques are advocated as a proactive safety evaluation approach. However, the conflict-based safety studies utilized observed traffic conflicts to evaluate the safety of an entity (Autey, Sayed, & Zaki, 2012; Guo et al., 2016; Sacchi & Sayed, 2013; Sayed, Ismail, Zaki, & Autey, 2012; Tageldin, Sayed, Shaaban, & Zaki, 2015; Zaki, Sayed, & Ibrahim, 2016). The result may suffer from “regression to the mean” due to the fact that traffic conflicts are random events. A better alternative is to develop traffic conflict models for safety evaluation.