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Descriptive Statistics
Published in William M. Mendenhall, Terry L. Sincich, Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences, 2016
William M. Mendenhall, Terry L. Sincich
Ammonia in car exhaust. Three-way catalytic converters have been installed in new vehicles in order to reduce pollutants from motor vehicle exhaust emissions. However, these converters unintentionally increase the level of ammonia in the air. Environmental Science & Technology (Sept. 1, 2000) published a study on the ammonia levels near the exit ramp of a San Francisco highway tunnel. The data in the table represent daily ammonia concentrations (parts per million) on eight randomly selected days during afternoon drive-time in the summer of a recent year.
Compliance of commercial motorcyclists with road safety measures in a Nigerian metropolitan city
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2019
Omoseye Stella Ogunkeyede, Kayode Osungbade
A motorcycle is defined as a powered 2-wheeled motor vehicle (Foale 2006). Unemployed youth in Nigeria use motorcycles as a means of livelihood and may lack good knowledge about road safety measures or be incapable of obeying traffic rules or regulations or reading road signs (Nyameh 2013). Compliance with road safety measures is important in the reduction of motorcycle accidents, and enforcement of laws has an important role to play in improving road safety. The leading cause of trauma and hospital admission to the accidents and emergency unit in Nigeria is road traffic accidents, and motorcycles have a higher fatality rate per unit of distance traveled compared to automobiles. Likewise, in terms of vehicle miles traveled, motorcyclists’ risk of a fatal crash is 35 times greater than that of a passenger car (Solagberu et al. 2003; NHTSA 2007). This study assessed the level of compliance among commercial motorcyclists to provide policymakers with evident data to improve compliance with and enforcement of traffic rules and regulations.
Factors explaining pedestrian-involved fatality crashes on National Highways in India
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2022
Hasan Mehdi Naqvi, Geetam Tiwari
Table 4 presents the percentage distribution of pedestrian victims by striking vehicles in fatal crashes on each NH. Each horizontal row in Table 4 depicts the share in % of striking vehicles against fatal pedestrian victims. Here, truck represents light goods vehicles, truck/tanker, i.e., two-axle or more, and container truck-trailer. Three-wheeler auto-rickshaw represents passenger auto-rickshaw and tempo. Car represents car, jeep and SUV. Motorcycle represents two-wheeled motor vehicle, namely moped, scooty and motorcycle. ‘Unknown’ striking vehicle represents vehicle for which information related to ‘vehicle type’ are not available in fatal crash records.
Cloud Based Electric Vehicle’s Temperature Monitoring System Using IOT
Published in Cybernetics and Systems, 2023
S. V. N. Sreenivasu, T. Sathesh Kumar, Omer Bin Hussain, Ajay Reddy Yeruva, Subash Ranjan Kabat, Abhay Chaturvedi
The construction of extra charging infrastructure is required by the rising number of electric vehicles (EVs), according to Niu et al. (2019). Compared to plugs and wires, wifi charging is more effective. As the numeral of (EVs) increases, it becomes fundamental to tackle challenges that expand. The primary concept that is frequently used in wifi indict is established on resounding inductive supremacy transfer. Three different modes of charging are possible: battery exchange, power charging, and WC transfer. According to Htwe et al. (2019), this configuration consists of the cloud-situated motor vehicle tracing organism, the NODE MCU P8266, GPS component, DHT11, signal, as well as rule contribute. The optional expertise is old to unearth and lead the car with 10 meter exactness. The classification tracks the location of a relaxed car as well as sends in sequence to the user’s Smartphone. The inward data, which comes in the outline of room and remoteness, is old to position the carriage on Maps, and the product may also be view on an automation receiver using the Blynk App. In Muralikrishnan and Kalaivani, both continuous and non renewable power sources are worn to power electric motor vehicle charging stations. This is expert by putting a position of batteries within the class that provides the compulsory charge to the EVs by means of DC-DC somewhat than AC-DC since to hand are losses in the exchange course that are in the appearance of high temperature, which minimizes the effectiveness of the class work and maximizes the charging time. IoT-based electric vehicles are made available in Urooj et al. (2021) to track battery life and consumption. Thing Speak is used for online surveillance (day-by-day). Following the integration of an efficient boosting method with the objective function, these online data findings were analyzed using MATLAB. The effectiveness of this process is evaluated using optical scrutiny, and the findings demonstrate enhanced vehicle concert, as it was found that following sensor monitoring, the aptitude of the vehicles amplified by 74.3% while the charge of implementation was reduced. With the help of IoT technology, Muni et al. (2020) effectively wants to create a charging class for electric vehicles that uses a wifi charging constitution and allows customers to continuously check the battery state and indict stage. An E-vehicle module is charged by a solar panel according to the writers in Akila et al. (2019). An Internet of Things (IoT) machine was utilized to track the ease of use of maximum power, and a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) director is old to pathway the utmost power amount produced of the solar panel. The simulation model was produced with Proteus software. The solar panel is used to charge the E-vehicle module, the availability of maximum power is observed by the IOT device, and the maximum power provided by the solar is tracked using the MPPT controller.