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Bus – from workhorse to thoroughbred
Published in Corinne Mulley, John D. Nelson, Stephen Ison, The Routledge Handbook of Public Transport, 2021
Frits Olyslagers, Corinne Mulley, John D. Nelson
Buses form an integral part of the urban fabric of cities, able to provide connectivity and access to distributed suburban areas, connecting people, employment and services to central commercial districts. They offer short-term flexibility as cities grow or change, given that fixed-route public transport (metro, light rail, tram) cannot change their routes without further investment and long-term planning. Where buses can develop significant mode share, cities benefit by requiring less space to accommodate the motor vehicle (both moving and stationary), as buses can lead to a reduction of cars on the road, thus impacting traffic congestion and reducing emissions.
Transportation impacts modeling
Published in Zongzhi Li, Transportation Asset Management, 2018
Light rail: Light rail transit (LRT) is one type of urban public transport, which is similar to tram but with higher capacity. LRT is known in some places as fast tram or rapid streetcar. LRT systems generally operate in an exclusive right-of-way. The running speed is usually between 15 and 40 mph.
Tram and light rail transit in modern urban mobility systems
Published in Gianluca Dell’Acqua, Fred Wegman, Transport Infrastructure and Systems, 2017
The Systems brought into service in Strasbourg (Eurotram), Dallas (Light Rail Transit) and Karlsruhe (Tram-Train network) are good examples that drive the relaunch of the local public transport by rail all over the world.
Smooth and safe tram journeys: tram driver perspectives and opportunities using a haptic master controller in a virtual reality environment
Published in Ergonomics, 2022
Tiziana C. Callari, Michael Mortimer, Louise Moody, Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian, Ryan Lewis, Ben Horan
Tram operators follow tram-specific and general road signs and traffic lights, and operate within three types of city environments: (1) dedicated rail corridors separated from the road, (2) segregated tracks separated from the road but with shared intersections, and (3) mixed traffic environments shared with other motor vehicles and pedestrians. Studies have argued that segregated track and mixed traffic environments in particular, raise a range of unique safety-related issues (Candappa, Corben, and Yuen 2013; Currie and Reynolds 2014; Fontaine et al. 2016; Marti et al. 2016; Naweed and Moody 2015; Naweed and Rose 2015; Naznin, Currie, and Logan 2016, 2017; Naznin, Currie, Logan, and Sarvi 2016). Trams are large and heavy vehicles and collisions and incidents can result in serious personal, material, infrastructure, and operational consequences (Cameron, Harris, and Kehoe 2001; Hynčík et al. 2008; Mitra et al. 2010; Unger et al. 2002).
Operation performance of tram lanes with intermittent priority with the coexistence of regular and automatic vehicles
Published in Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2021
Dongxiu Ou, Ran Liu, Iftikhar Rasheed, Lijuan Shi, Hongming Li
The development of an effective urban public transportation system can minimize the occurrences of traffic jams and improve on the road traffic conditions. Compared to buses, trams, powered by electricity, represent a promising opportunity of reducing costs and pollution and have been developed rapidly. Currently, most trams are provided with the exclusive right of way in road sections to avoid disturbance from other vehicles (Naznin et al., 2017; Shi et al., 2017). However, the tram only lane (TOL) could cause a waste of road resources when tram inter-departure interval is long, and make private cars become packed in vain. For example, with a new tram line operating exclusively in Songjiang district of Shanghai in China, the travel time of private cars in Rongle Road increases for 20mins. Additionally, many cities in the world are aiming at recovering road spaces to create more sustainable and smart communities to promote slow-moving modes (Ortigosa et al., 2017). With TOL, there will be less and less road spaces for private cars. Before a large enough number of people switch from cars to trams, less available lanes for private cars will cause severe congestion. Therefore, based on bus lanes with intermittent priority (BLIP) (Eichler & Daganzo, 2006), we propose the concept of tram lanes with intermittent priority (TLIP) in order to achieve a balance between tram priority and private car operational efficiency. Different from existing integrated on-street tramway where trams have no priority over private cars, TLIP will be open to private cars as long as they do not disturb trams.