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Soils, Soil Erosion, and Topography
Published in Robert M. Sanford, Environmental Site Plans and Development Review, 2017
The two main aspects of soils to consider in site plan review are the properties and values of the soil as a resource, and the suitability of the soils on the site to accommodate the project. The consideration of soil as a resource includes the identification of agricultural and forest soils (see also Chapter 16), and wetland soils (see also Chapter 5), in addition to whether or not the site contains marketable earth resources such as topsoil, sand, mineral, or rock. The properties of the soil to support a project relate to the ability of the soil to support suitable on-site septic systems, withstand erosion, regulate and support biological activity, and support buildings and other structures. How a soil measures up is described as either “suitability” or as soil quality or soil health. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (2016) defines soil quality as the fitness of a specific kind of soil to maintain air and water quality, support plant and animal productivity, support human habitation, and preserve human health.
Factors Responsible for Spatial Distribution of in Soil
Published in Suhaib A. Bandh, Javid A. Parray, Nowsheen Shameem, Climate Change and Microbial Diversity, 2023
Soil is a natural resource stands second after water in our mother earth playing important role in nutrient matter cycling, decomposing organic maters, water retention, etc. (Ritz et al., 2009). Soil quality needs to be monitored and measures should be taken to preserve in regular manner to improve food security and environmental protection. Quantitative measures, such as physiochemical and biological properties are the indicators for soil quality. Between these two properties, physiochemical property indicates the fundamental context of soil functions (Nosrati, 2013) whereas biological property certainly responds within a minute change in the soil environment (Paz-Ferreiro and Fu, 2014).
Balancing Soil Health and Biomass Production
Published in Larry E. Erickson, Valentina Pidlisnyuk, Phytotechnology with Biomass Production, 2021
Larry E. Erickson, Kraig Roozeboom
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates that about one-third of soils that are used for agriculture have poor soil quality because of past use and management (FAO, 2011; Jian et al., 2020; Rodríguez-Eugenio et al., 2018). Low soil fertility, nutrient depletion, loss of soil from erosion, and low concentration of organic carbon are common reasons for poor soil quality. In a national survey in China, 16.1% of soil samples had measured values of one or more substances such as lead that exceeded the standards that are recommended for safety (Palansooriya et al., 2020).
Exposure–Response of Wheat Cultivars to TiO2 Nanoparticles in Contrasted Soils
Published in Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 2019
Zahra Zahra, Muhammad Arif Ali, Amna Parveen, EunBi Kim, Muhammad Fahim Khokhar, Sofia Baig, Kiran Hina, Hyung-Kyoon Choi, Muhammad Arshad
The presence of organic matter content is a vital component in improving the soil quality and crop yield. Therefore, the effects of TiO2 NPs treatments on the organic matter content in soils with different characteristics were determined in the present study. Figure 3 shows the effects of TiO2 NPs on organic matter percentage after wheat cultivation. There was slight decrease in the organic matter content from 25 to 150 mg kg−1 of TiO2 NPs treatment in soil 1; however; at higher treatment levels (250–1000 mg kg−1), it increased. In soil 2, organic matter content was slightly increased at the optimum treatment of TiO2 NPs (50 mg kg−1) compared to the control, whereas significant decrement of 27.5% was observed at 150 mg kg−1 of TiO2 NPs treatment compared to the control. However, at higher treatment levels of TiO2 NPs, there was no significant variation observed in organic matter content in soil 2.
Can organic amendments replace chemical fertilizers in nickel agromining cropping systems in Albania?
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2019
Aida Bani, Guillaume Echevarria
Previous studies have shown that the use of organic fertilizers improve soil quality; physico-chemical properties and nutrient availability and consequently increase the biomass and Ni phytoextracted yield (Álvarez-López et al. 2016). Although manure additions increased the biomass yield of Alyssum serpyllifolium and Alyssum bertolonii with respect to mineral NPK fertilization, it markedly decreased their respective Ni concentrations in leaves (Álvarez-López et al. 2016); therefore our results show strong differences. It is possible that the very high Ni availability in Pojskë soil and a much lower availability in Spanish ultramafic soils could explain this difference.
Bioaugmentation of endosulfan contaminated soil in artificial bed treatment using selected fungal species
Published in Bioremediation Journal, 2019
Jyoti Bisht, N. S. K. Harsh, L. M. S. Palni, Vasudha Agnihotri, Anuj Kumar
Pollutants, when incorporated in the soil lead to adverse effect on soil quality. Various parameters like, soil pH, microbial respiration, enzymes produced in soil, total microbial count, etc., play important role in determining the soil quality. In the present study, toxicity assessment of endosulfan and its biodegradation products in soil was also conducted. For this purpose following parameters were evaluated: (a) Soil pH (b) Total microbial population count (CFU) of soil, and (c) Soil enzymes i.e., dehydrogenase, phosphatases, arylsulphatase, and ligninolytic enzymes.