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Fiber Optic Connectors and Splices
Published in Jerry D. Gibson, The Communications Handbook, 2018
The final factor is aligning the two ferrules and realizing a connection requires an alignment sleeve. This alignment sleeve is usually allowed to float in a housing that has the appropriate coupling features (screw threads, etc.). This component is referred to as either a coupling or an adaptor. A schematic representation of a cylindrical ferrule connector is shown in Fig. 49.23. At first observation, it might appear that the cylindrical alignment sleeve is a trivial component. However, this is not the case. The materials of the sleeve have ranged from plastic, austenitic stainless steel, copper alloys, and glass to ceramic. It appears there is a tendency today to use single-slit ceramic sleeves. The concern over the alignment sleeve designs for the cylindrical ferrule connector is driven by the fact that the sleeve must coaxially align ferrules that have unequal diameters. Even though the diameter of ferrules can be manufactured to a tolerance of 1. m, an insertion loss performance of <0.25 dB requires lateral alignment of the cores of <1 ¡m. Additionally, this 1 mm tolerance has to accommodate all inaccuracies, including the fiber core offsets within the ferrules. For these reasons, the alignment sleeve is indeed an important component of an optical fiber connector.
The development of CIPP sleeves used in the renovation of sewage conduits
Published in Cezary Madryas, Andrzej Kolonko, Beata Nienartowicz, Arkadiusz Szot, Underground Infrastructure of Urban Areas 4, 2017
After 1973, when the CIPP felt sleeve was coated with an impermeable foil, its installation inside a damaged conduit was carried out using inversion. The sleeve was inserted through an existing manhole or a vertically mounted tubular section with a special ring that allowed the sleeve to be inverted. The sleeve that is mounted to the ring, during the inversion process, is inverted under the hydrostatic pressure of water, introduced into a conduit and then attaches to the conduit’s wall with its side that is impregnated with resin. After inserting the entire length of the sleeve (inliner), the water that fills it is heated to about 80°C in order to thermally cure the resin that the sleeve has been soaked in.
Summer Air-Conditioning Systems/Saving Natural Resources
Published in Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Ray E. Richardson, Brian W. Fardo, Energy Conservation Guidebook, 2020
Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Ray E. Richardson, Brian W. Fardo
Construction of an incremental unit is usually quite compact. Facing the conditioned space is the room cabinet, in which the discharge and air-return functions are provided. All mechanical equipment is housed in the cabinet assembly. The control console on the right side is responsible for fan speed and temperature settings. This particular unit employs a small energy-efficient heat-pump assembly. Wall sleeve mounting provides a seal for outside moisture and air infiltration. Cooling capacity ranges from 6500 to 13,800 Btu per hour with a heating capacity of 6400 to 14,000 Btu per hour for incremental units of this type.
Design of Accelerated Life Test for Sleeve Bearing of Construction Equipment Based on Wear Prediction
Published in Tribology Transactions, 2019
Hong-Gyu Jeon, Jae-Hyeong Yoo, Young-Ze Lee
Grease-lubricated sleeve bearings are the most common sliding bearings of construction equipment. These bearings use for approximating the conjugated surface of a cylindrical contact pair (Harris (1); Garg et al. (2)). Most sleeve bearings can operate for long periods of time under ideal operating conditions. Such conditions can only be maintained under a full hydrodynamic lubrication regime wherein a constant lubricant film separates the two bearing surfaces. However, the sleeve bearings of construction equipment operate under the boundary lubrication regime due to the formation of insufficient lubrication film (Berthier and Play (3); Zhu, et al. (4)). Due to the harsh operating conditions of construction equipment, the sleeve bearing exposed to these conditions can undergo major failure due to adhesive wear and abrasive wear because of the high applied load and low relative velocity.