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Water quality sciences
Published in Mohammad Albaji, Introduction to Water Engineering, Hydrology, and Irrigation, 2022
In Canada, Manitoulin Streams Improvement Association has become a leading model for water quality and fisheries rehabilitation. The association partners with landowners, farmers, fishermen, and the general public to improve water quality and the fisheries resource on Manitoulin Island and the Great Lakes. They do this by:Restricting livestock access to certain points on the river or installing alternative watering sources like nose pumps.Repair the Riparian Zone by planting trees and grasses to stabalize shorelines, provide habitat.Create in-stream habitat to increase fish and invertebrate populations.
Basic Evaluation Units and Physical Structural Integrality in Riparian Zone Evaluation
Published in Yeqiao Wang, Wetlands and Habitats, 2020
Bolin Fu, Yeqiao Wang, Ying Li
Riparian zones are narrow strips of land located along the banks of rivers, streams, and water networks. Riparian zones are widely acknowledged as an ecological transition zone of material and energy exchange between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems (USDI Bureau of Land Management. Riparian Area Management, 1998; Tang et al., 2014). Riparian zones can provide a range of ecosystem functions and services, for example, bank stabilization and protection, water purification, reservoirs of biodiversity, wetland products, as well as recreation and tourism (Bennett & Simon, 2004; Ghermandi, et al., 2009; Hruby, 2009). Riparian zones are also a focus of human activities, such as urban expansion, agriculture, mining, grazing, erosion, and point- and non-point-source pollutions (Dixon et al., 2006; Ivits et al., 2009; Ranalli & Macalady, 2010). It is essential that riparian zones are managed appropriately to avoid degradation and damage that have become increasingly evident (Munné et al., 2003; Jansen et al., 2005; Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China, 2010; Chen et al., 2012; Fernández et al., 2014).
Cumulative Impacts of Bottomland Hardwood Forest Conversion on Hydrology, Water Quality, and Terrestrial Wildlife
Published in James G. Gosselink, Lyndon C. Lee, Thomas A. Muir, Ecological Processes and Cumulative Impacts, 2020
Larry D. Harris, James G. Gosselink
The interactions of upland runoff, riparian storage and transformation of nutrients, and accelerated drainage are complex. In a forested watershed, nutrient runoff from the upland is small and most of it is trapped in the riparian zone. As upland is cleared, sediment and nutrient delivery to the riparian zone increases rapidly. The increased load to the riparian zone is at first efficiently trapped and transformed, but trapping efficiency decreases as the load increases. As the riparian zone itself is cleared, its efficiency as a sediment and nutrient filter diminishes, and instead of trapping materials it becomes a source to the stream. Finally, channeling shunts water away from the riparian zone, dumping unfiltered water directly into the receiving stream.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in riparian soils of the middle reach of Huaihe River: A typical coal mining area in China
Published in Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 2023
Zijiao Yuan, Shenghui Shi, Xiaoguo Wu, Qing Wang, Shanshan Wang, Zhijian Fan
Riparian zones refer to various aquatic-terrestrial transition areas such as river banks, lakeshores, and coasts. As a buffer area between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, it has many important environmental functions such as water purification by intercepting and controlling various pollutants in the surface runoff, water and soil conservation, restoration of aquatic ecosystems, flood storage, and drought prevention (Liu et al. 2016; Pavlovic et al. 2016). Meanwhile, the riparian zone is an open system and may be easily affected by anthropogenic activities upstream or on adjacent uplands. Most of the intercepted contaminants can be degraded or removed through bioaccumulation and transformation, but some pollutants cannot be biodegraded and may remain in the riparian zone for a long time, causing deleterious effects to the riparian ecosystem.
High salinisation risks in a typical semi-arid river network in northern China
Published in Chemistry and Ecology, 2019
Xin Jin, Wenqiang Zhang, Baoqing Shan
Sediment and overlying water are the two most important material components that a river transports. Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion. The salinity of the sediment mainly derives from the physical and chemical weathering of the rock, and from salt-water intrusion [6]. In contrast, the salinity of the overlying water mainly derives from salt-containing minerals and suspended sediment [7]. Thus, the salinisation processes of sediment and overlying water are connected and can influence each other; the combined process is affected by both natural and anthropogenic factors [8]. Salt is transported by water, while the quality, structure, and porosity of sediment, as well as river depth and climate, can all affect the movement of salt in rivers [9]. River sediment can act as both a ‘source’ or ‘sink’ for the salt. The salt content in different depths of sediment can, to a certain extent, represent the salinisation characteristic of the overlying water [10]. The riparian zone, the interface between land and a river or stream, acts as an important zone for material exchange between terrestrial and aquatic ecological systems [11]. However, the salinisation characteristics of riparian soil adjacent to a saline river, and how far the salinisation of a river can affect riparian soils, are not well studied and require more research.
Feedback between climate change and eutrophication: revisiting the allied attack concept and how to strike back
Published in Inland Waters, 2022
Mariana Meerhoff, Joachim Audet, Thomas A. Davidson, Luc De Meester, Sabine Hilt, Sarian Kosten, Zhengwen Liu, Néstor Mazzeo, Hans Paerl, Marten Scheffer, Erik Jeppesen
Now also becoming clear is that the natural shield of lakes and their tributaries, represented by riparian zones (Naiman and Decamps 1997, Vidon et al. 2010), can also be affected by climate change. Owing to their topographic position in the landscape, riparian zones are generally highly exposed to extreme climatic events, such as floods and droughts, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity in many regions because of climate change (Capon et al. 2013, Paerl et al. 2019). These changes may pose a risk of a decreased buffering capacity to retain, transform, or decrease nutrients before they reach the water (Capon et al. 2013, Pinay et al. 2018).