China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Sustainable Integrated Soil and Water Resources Management in the Arid Lands: Consideration of Economic Aspects
Published in Rohini Prasad, Manoj Kumar Jhariya, Arnab Banerjee, Advances in Sustainable Development and Management of Environmental and Natural Resources, 2021
The coastal regions are the most vulnerable regions of the world to destructive soil erosion (Fedorova et al., 2010) because of several factors such as sea-level rise, storm events and storm surges that are occurring more frequently as a consequence of climate change. Destructive coastal erosion has various negative impacts on farmland, coastal ecosystem, and rural infrastructure such as roads and sea walls. Due to these impacts, the coastal erosion has received wide attention (e.g., Soomere et al., 2011). Hence, several physical soil conservation structures were designed to conserve the areas suffered from soil erosion. These structures have also the potential to retain water where needed (Gill et al., 2008). These structures have a variety of benefits such as decreasing velocity of surface runoff, increasing soil moisture, maintaining good soil cover through mulching and canopy cover, enhancing soil structure for decreasing crusting, enhancing soil fertility, and avoiding excessive runoff safely. Several factors are contribute to the design of physical soil conservation structures including climate conditions, size of agricultural field, soil properties (especially texture, infiltration capacity, and depth), runoff properties, availability of an outlet, soil management options within the agricultural field (e.g., vegetative conservation measures), and labor availability and cost (Carluer and Marsily, 2004). The common physical conservation measures are: cut-off drains retention ditches, infiltration ditches, water-retaining pits, gabion walls, etc.
Terra, Our Earth
Published in Thomas Hockey, Jennifer Lynn Bartlett, Daniel C. Boice, Solar System, 2021
Thomas Hockey, Jennifer Bartlett, Daniel Boice
As we write, geologic activity and erosion resurface the Earth completely every 600 million years or so. On Earth, erosion is primarily caused by water flowing on and through the crust and by weather generated in the atmosphere that blankets the planet.
Sustainable Soil Conservation and Management: Principles, Issues, and Strategies
Published in Vinod Kumar Tripathi, Megh R. Goyal, Field Practices for Wastewater Use in Agriculture, 2021
Grass, wind barriers, fencing to fields, and riparian buffers are some of the preventive measures that can be adopted for protecting soil from erosion [89]. Measures like combining grass barriers with food crops in parallel rows can contain sediment eradication during its off-site transport to the farther low lying areas [90].
Soil erosion estimation and risk assessment at watershed level: a case study of Neshe Dam Watershed in Blue Nile River basin, Ethiopia
Published in International Journal of River Basin Management, 2023
Israel Tessema, Belay Simane, Kenatu Angassa
Soil erosion can be either natural/geological erosion or accelerated erosion. Natural erosion has been slowly occurring since the early period of the earth, while accelerated erosion is faster and relatively a recent phenomenon happening because of humans’ unwise use of resources. Anthropogenic factors, such as deforestation, overgrazing, incorrect methods of tillage and unscientific agricultural practices, exacerbated the accelerated soil erosion (Lal, 2003; Nyssen et al., 2004; Zhou & Wu, 2008). Soil erosion generates strong environmental impacts and major economic losses from decreased agricultural production to the off-site effects on infrastructure, design-life of constructed reservoirs and dams and the quality of surface water resources by sedimentation processes (Amsalu et al., 2007; Bewket & Teferi, 2009; Haregeweyn et al., 2017).
Long-term effects of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) on erosion control of a soil slope
Published in International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2022
Hamid Ranjkesh Adarmanabadi, Arezou Rasti, Mehrdad Razavi
Erosion control uses one or more techniques based on the area’s geometry and geotechnical properties to prevent soil movement or make it less (Fay, Akin, and Shi 2012). Slope stabilization may be done by adding a surface cover, support structure, or changing the slope’s geometry and material to prevent failure or reduce erosion. Chemical compounds complying with environmental laws can stabilize soil (Faramarzi, Rasti, and Abtahi 2016; Ghazvinian and Razavi 2010). Cement kiln dust (CKD) is one of the chemical additives for soil stabilization. It is the waste of cement production releasing from the cement factory to the environment (Adaska and Taubert 2008). CKD is a fine, powdery, and highly alkaline material that contains sodium chlorides, potassium chlorides, sulphates, and volatile metal compounds. CKD collected from kiln exhaust in the term of cement production (Siddique 2006). CKD can be used in manufacturing, agriculture, civil engineering, and environmental sectors. The most crucial application of CKD includes blended cement and concrete, mine reclamation, agricultural amendment, water treatment, sewage treatment, asphalt mixtures, building ceramics, waste stabilization, and soil stabilizing (Siddique 2014).
Hydro-geomorphic assessment of erosion intensity and sediment yield initiated debris-flow hazards at Wadi Dahab Watershed, Egypt
Published in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards, 2021
Sara M. Abuzied, Biswajeet Pradhan
This study also suggests that irregular and heavy rainfalls in this arid region can cause slow sheet erosion on low slopes and rapid gully erosion on steep slopes, which have Precambrian basement rocks. The rate of soil erosion in Wadi Dahab is serious because of scarce vegetation, structural setting, randomly unpaved roads, rugged topography, thin soil horizon, and landslide occurrences. The results define the priority zones where different soil conservation actions should be applied by decision-makers. Our study recommends some important actions to reduce the sensitivity of erosion such as (1) Designing and adopting some strategies for land use planning and slope management to control surface erosion and runoff velocity; (2) decreasing the slope length and slope steepness by building of contour walls, bench terraces, check dams in gullies to break the slope; (3) maintaining roads, highways, and other infrastructure in hilly lands to avoid soil erosion; (4) constructing retentive walls after cutting hillslopes for any infrastructure building.