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Shallow foundations
Published in White David, Cassidy Mark, Offshore Geotechnical Engineering, 2017
Gravity-based structures (GBS) rely mostly on their weight and the size of their footprint on the seabed to withstand the environmental lateral and moment loading, although foundation skirts are helpful in improving lateral resistance and provide some short-term tensile capacity. Gravity-based foundations are usually equipped with skirts that may range in length from 0.5 m in competent strong clays and dense sands to greater than 30 m in softer sediments.
Effect of keel plate on the performance of FPSO suitable for arctic ice environment
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2020
Arctic Ocean is a potential field for oil and gas production with over 25% of the world’s undiscovered hydrocarbon stored as a natural reserve. Over the last few decades, oil and gas development activities in arctic and sub-arctic waters in many parts of the world have resulted in the ice-resistant offshore platform designs. Better understanding of ice-mechanics, ice-loads and structural reactions to ice action has made substantial technical advancements over the years. Thus, more and more rational, safe and economic ice-resistant offshore structures are innovated. In early 1980s, gravity-based platforms were designed and installed in the Beaufort Sea in Canada. Molikpaq, a gravity-based structure with vertical walls was deployed in Sakhalin II, Russia, in a water depth of 35 m. Kulluk is an example of an arctic class floating vessel designed exclusively for drilling in arctic deepwater (Srinivasan et al. 2008).
Offshore oil and gas records circa 2020
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2022
The Frigg field straddles the Norwegian and UK border in the northern North Sea (Figure 43), and includes two steel platforms (DP1 and DP2) and one concrete platform (TCP2) in Norwegian waters, and one steel platform (QP) and two concreate platforms in UK waters (TCP1 and CDP1). Infield pipelines and cables interconnect the structures but are not shown in the schematic. The MCP-01 concrete gravity-based structure served as manifold/pigging and recompression for the two 32-inch gas transmission (export) pipelines from the Frigg field (Figure 44) and is located about 175 km northeast of St. Fergus Gas Terminal midway to the Frigg field.